II. Epidemiology
- Prevalence: 9 per 100,000
- Average Age of onset: 40 years
- Gender predominance: Women account for 65% of cases
III. Definition
- Movement Disorder
- Involuntary neck and shoulder Muscle Contractions
- Head twists into aberrant position
IV. Symptoms
- Pain (93%)
- Difficult reading, driving, watching television
- Withdrawal from social interactions
- Abnormal Posture (83%)
- Head jerks or neck spasms (62%)
V. Types
- Torticollis (neck rotation)
- Laterocollis (lateral neck bending)
- Retrocollis (neck extension)
- Anterocollis (neck flexion)
VI. Causes
- Primary or idiopathic cervical Torticollis
- Hereditary
- Autosomal Dominant
- X-linked recessive
- Sporadic
- Hereditary
- Secondary or symptomatic cervical Torticollis
- Cervical Lymphadenopathy
- Hereditary neurologic syndromes
- Environmental causes
- Parkinsonism
- Psychogenic Dystonia
VII. Labs
- Quick Strep Test
VIII. Management
- Physical Therapy
- Botulin Toxin Type-A (local injection)
- Systemic Medications
- Anticholinergics
- Muscle relaxants
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Related Studies
| Definition (MSH) | A common form of DYSTONIA due to involuntary sustained or spasmodic, repetitive muscle contractions in the neck region. According to the position of the twisted neck and head, cervical dystonia can be categorized as torticollis, laterocollis, retrocollis, and a combination of these abnormal postures. |
| Concepts | Sign or Symptom (T184) |
| MSH | D014103 |
| Dutch | cervicale dystonie, Cervicale dystonie |
| German | zervikale Dystonie, Zervikale Dystonie |
| Portuguese | Distonia cervical, Distonia Cervical |
| Spanish | Distonía cervical, Distonía Cervical |
| French | Dystonie cervicale |
| Czech | Cervikální dystonie, cervikální dystonie |
| English | dystonia cervical, cervical dystonia, cervical dystonias, Cervical Dystonia, Cervical dystonia |
| Hungarian | Nyaki dystonia |
| Italian | Distonia cervicale |
| Norwegian | Cervikal dystoni |
| Japanese | 頚部ジストニア, ｹｲﾌﾞｼﾞｽﾄﾆｱ |
