II. Epidemiology
- Prevalence: 1-10 cases per 10,000
- More common in males by a factor of 3-9 times
- Onset: Age 6 to 7 years
- Peak of severity: Ages 9 to 11 years
III. Diagnosis: DSM IV Criteria
- Both motor and Vocal Tics for more than 12 months
- See Tic Disorder
- Tics occur many times per day and nearly every day
- No tic-free period exceeding 3 consecutive months
- Impaired social or occupational functioning
- Onset before age 18 years
- Not due to Tic Secondary Causes
- Not due to Substance Abuse
- Stimulant drugs
- Not due to medical disease
- Huntington's Chorea
- Postviral Encephalitis
- Not due to Substance Abuse
IV. Symptoms
- See Tic Disorder
V. Differential Diagnosis
VI. Associated Conditions
VII. Management
VIII. Prognosis
- Symptoms diminish or extinguish by age 18 (in 85% of cases)
- Complete resolution: 50%
- Improved: 30% to 50%
- Symptoms unchanged or worse into adulthood: 5% to 10%
IX. Resources
- Tourette's Syndrome Association
X. References
- APA (1994) DSM IV, APA, p. 103
- Jankovic (2001) N Engl J Med 345:1184-92 [PubMed]
- Leckman (2006) J Child Neurol 21:642-9 [PubMed]
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Related Studies
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
If you have Tourette syndrome, you make unusual movements or sounds, called tics. You have little or no control over them. Common tics are throat-clearing and blinking. You may repeat words, spin, or, rarely, blurt out swear words. Tourette syndrome is a disorder of the nervous system. It often occurs with other problems, such as
The cause of Tourette syndrome is unknown. It is more common in boys than girls. The tics usually start in childhood and may be worst in the early teens. Many people eventually outgrow them. No treatment is needed unless the tics interfere with everyday life. Excitement or worry can make tics worse. Calm, focused activities may make them better. Medicines and talk therapy may also help. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| Definition (NCI) | A neurologic disorder caused by defective metabolism of the neurotransmitters in the brain. It is characterized by repeated involuntary movements (motor tics) and uncontrollable vocal sounds (vocal tics). The symptoms are usually manifested before the age of eighteen. |
| Definition (MSH) | A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997 May;15(2):357-79) |
| Definition (CSP) | neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in dopamine metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits; both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with tics occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year; disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D005879 |
| ICD9 | 307.23 |
| ICD10 | F95.2 |
| SnomedCT | 39098006, 5158005, 154936002, 192624004, 268778009 |
| DSM4 | 307.23 |
| English | Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, Gilles de la Tourette's Disease, Syndrome, Tourette's, Tourette Disease, Tourette Disorder, Tourette Syndrome, Tourette's Disease, Tourette's Disorder, Tourette's Syndrome, Tourettes Disease, Tourettes Disorder, Tourettes Syndrome, Gilles de la Tourette's disorder, Combined vocal+multip tic dis, Combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder [de la Tourette], GILLES DE LA TOURETTE SYNDROME, TOURETTE DISORDER, TS, TOURETTE SYNDROME, GTS, COMBINED MULTIPLE MOTOR VOCAL TIC DIS, TOURETTES SYNDROME, GILLES DE LA TOURETTE DIS, TIC DIS COMBINED VOCAL MULTIPLE MOTOR, TOURETTES DIS, MULTIPLE MOTOR VOCAL TIC DIS COMBINED, COMBINED VOCAL MULTIPLE MOTOR TIC DIS, TOURETTE DIS, tic de Guinon, maladie des tics, Guinon's disease, motor-verbal tic disorders, Tourette's syndrome (diagnosis), Brissaud's II, Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette's, Guinon's myospasia impulsiva, Syndrome Tourette, Tourette syndrome, Combined Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder, Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor Tic Disorder, Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder, Combined, Tic Disorder, Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor, Tourette Syndrome [Disease/Finding], gilles de la tourette, syndrome tourettes's, syndromes tourettes, de gilles la tourette, gilles de la tourette disorder, syndrome tourette's, syndromes tourette, tourette's syndrome, gilles de la tourette syndrome, gilles de la tourette's syndrome, syndrome tourette, syndrome tourettes, tourette's disorder, de gilles la tourettes, disorder tourette, tourette's syndrome gilles de la, tourette disorder, tourette syndrome, tourette's disease, tourettes disease, tourettes disorder, tourettes syndrome, Gilles de la Tourettes syndrome, Chronic Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder, Gilles De La Tourette's Syndrome, (Psychogenic tics) or (Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome) (disorder), Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (disorder), Tourette's disorder (disorder), Psychogenic tics, (Psychogenic tics) or (Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome), Gilles de la Tourette's syndr., Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Tourette's syndrome, Combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder, Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (disorder), combined; tic, vocal and multiple motor, de la Tourette; tic, de la Tourette, Tourette, tic; combined vocal and multiple motor, tic; de la Tourette, Tourette's disorder -RETIRED-, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Gilles de la Tourette Disorder, Motor-verbal tic disorder, Tourettes syndrome |
| Dutch | Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette-aandoening, myospasia impulsiva van Guinon, Brissaud II, syndroom van Tourette, de la Tourette; tic, gecombineerd; tic, vocaal en multipel motorisch, tic; de la Tourette, tic; gecombineerd vocaal en multipel motorisch, Gecombineerde vocale en multipele motorische ticstoornis [Gilles de la Tourette], syndroom van Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette-syndroom, Syndroom van Gilles de la Tourette, Syndroom, Gilles de la Tourette-, Ticstoornis, gecombineerde vocale en multipele motorische, Tourette-syndroom |
| French | Syndrome de Tourette-Guinon, Gilles de la Tourette, M. de Brissaud II, M. de Gilles de la Tourette, Trouble de Gilles de la Tourette, Syndrome de Tourette, SYNDROME DE GILLES DE LA TOURETTE, Syndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, Syndrome de la Tourette, Maladie des tics, Maladie de la Tourette, Maladie de Gilles de la Tourette |
| German | Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette-Syndrom, Guinon Myospasia impulsiva, Brissaud II, Gilles de la Tourette-Krankheit, Syndrom Tourette, GILLES DE LA TOURETTE SYNDROM, Kombinierte vokale und multiple motorische Tics [Tourette-Syndrom], Tourette Syndrom, Gilles-de-la-Tourette-Syndrom, Myospasia impulsiva, Tourette-Krankheit, Tourette-Syndrom, Generalisierte Tic-Erkrankung mit motorischen und vokalen Stereotypien |
| Italian | Miospasia impulsiva di Guinon, Di Brissaud II, Di Gilles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette, Sindrome di Tourette, Malattia di Gilles de la Tourette, Disturbo combinato di tic multipli vocali e motori, Disturbo di Tourette, Malattia di Tourette, Sindrome di Gilles de la Tourette |
| Portuguese | Síndrome de Giles de la Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette, Miospasmia impulsiva de Guinon, Síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, Brissaud II, Perturbação de Gilles de la Tourette, SINDROME DE GILLES DE LA TOURETTE, Doença de Giles de la Tourette, Doença de Gilles de la Tourette, Síndrome de Tourette, Transtorno de Tique Combinado Vocal e Motor Múltiplo |
| Spanish | Miospasia impulsiva de Guinon, Síndrome de Tourettes, Trastorno de Gilles de la Tourette, Síndrome de la Tourette, Brissaud II, Gilles de la Tourette, Síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, SINDROME DE GILLES DE LA TOURETTE, trastorno de tics vocales y motores múltiples combinados, síndrome de Tourette, trastorno de la Tourette - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), trastorno de la Tourette - RETIRADO -, síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette (trastorno), síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, Trastorno de Tourette, Enfermedad de Gilles de la Tourette, Síndrome de Tourette, Trastorno de Tic Motor y Vocal Múltiple Combinado |
| Japanese | ブリソー病, ジル ド ラ トゥレット, ギノン衡動性筋攣縮, ジル ド ラ トゥレット病, トゥレット病, ジル ド ラ トゥレット症候群, ﾌﾞﾘｿｰﾋﾞｮｳ, ｼﾞﾙﾄﾞﾗﾄｩﾚｯﾄｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, ｷﾞﾉﾝｼｮｳﾄﾞｳｾｲｷﾝﾚﾝｼｭｸ, ｼﾞﾙﾄﾞﾗﾄｩﾚｯﾄﾋﾞｮｳ, ﾄｩﾚｯﾄﾋﾞｮｳ, ｼﾞﾙﾄﾞﾗﾄｩﾚｯﾄ, ﾄｩﾚｯﾄｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, ジル･ド･ラ･トゥレット症候群, ジル･ド･ラ･ツレット病, Tourette症候群, Gilles de la Tourette症候群, Tourette障害, ジル-ド-ラ-トゥレット病, ジルドゥラトゥーレット症候群, トゥーレット症候群, 回想性痙攣, 衝動性チック, Gilles de la Tourette病, トゥレット症候群 |
| Swedish | Tourettes syndrom |
| Czech | Tourettův syndrom, Brissaudův syndrom II, Gilles de la Tourette, Syndrom Touretteův, Syndrom Gilles de la Touretteův, kombinovaná tiková porucha vokální a mnohočetná motorická, Touretteův syndrom, kombinovaná vokální a mnohočetná motorická tiková porucha, Gilles de la Touretteův syndrom, De la Tourettův syndrom |
| Finnish | Touretten oireyhtymä |
| Russian | TURETTA BOLEZN', ZHIL' DE LA TURETTA BOLEZN', TURETTA SINDROM, ЖИЛЬ ДЕ ЛА ТУРЕТТА БОЛЕЗНЬ, ТУРЕТТА БОЛЕЗНЬ, ТУРЕТТА СИНДРОМ |
| Korean | 음성과 다발성 근육 혼합 틱 장애[데라투렛 증후군] |
| Polish | Choroba Gilles de la Tourette'a, Zespół Gilles de la Tourette'a, Choroba tikowa |
| Hungarian | Brissaud II, Gilles de la tourette syndroma, Gilles de la tourette, Tourette-syndroma, Tourette-tünetegyüttes, Tourette tünetegyüttes, Gilles de la tourette-betegség, Gilles de la tourette-féle, Tourette szindróma, Tourette-betegség, Guinon-myospasia impulsiva, Gilles de la tourette szindróma |
| Norwegian | Tourettes sykdom, Tourettes syndrom, Gilles de la Tourettes syndrom |
