Urine Output

Aka: Urine Output, Urine Volume, Oliguria, Anuria

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II. Definitions

  1. Oliguria
    1. Decreased Urine Volume below 0.5 ml/kg/h in adults and <1 ml/kg/h in children
  2. Anuria
    1. Complete absence of Urine Output

III. History

  1. Expect infants to urinate at least three times daily at minimum
  2. Expect children and adults to urinate at least twice daily

IV. Exam: Normal Urine Output

  1. Adult: >0.5 ml/kg/h
  2. Child: >1 ml/kg/h
  3. Infant: >2 ml/kg/h

V. Causes: Decreased Urine Output (Oliguria or Anuria)

  1. Hypovolemic Shock (Hemorrhagic Shock, Dehydration)
  2. Congestive Heart Failure
  3. Acute Kidney Injury (e.g. Acute Tubular Necrosis)
  4. Septic Shock
  5. Preeclampsia
  6. Postrenal Obstruction (e.g. BPH)

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