Fractional Excretion of Sodium

Aka: Fractional Excretion of Sodium, FENa

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II. Indications

  1. Renal Failure Assessment
    1. Prerenal Azotemia
    2. Acute Tubular Necrosis

III. Calculation

  1. FENa = (Sodium Excretion x 100)/(total filtered load)
    1. Sodium Excretion = (Urine Sodium) / (Serum Sodium)
    2. Total filtered Load = (Urine Creatinine) / (Serum Creatinine)
  2. FENa = (uNa x sCr x 100) / (sNa x uCr)
    1. uNa is Urine Sodium
    2. sCr is Serum Creatinine
    3. sNa is Serum Sodium
    4. uCr is Urine Creatinine

IV. Interpretation: Fractional Excretion of Sodium

  1. FENa <1%: Prerenal Azotemia
    1. Consistent with spot Urine Sodium <30 meq/L
  2. FENa >1-2%: Acute Intrinsic renal condition (e.g. Acute Tubular Necrosis)
    1. Consistent with spot Urine Sodium >30 meq/L
  3. FENa >4%: Post-Renal Azotemia

V. Efficacy

  1. FENa can be high despite Prerenal Failure
    1. Diuretics increase FENa
      1. Delay FENa until 6-8 hours after last Diuretic dose
      2. Consider Fractional Excretion of Urea instead
  2. FENa can be low despite acute intrinsic renal disease
    1. Post-ischemic Acute Tubular Necrosis
    2. IV contrast or Hyperpigments
    3. Acute Glomerulonephritis
    4. Vasculitis

VI. Resources

  1. MDCalc Fractional Excretion of Sodium
    1. http://www.mdcalc.com/fractional-excretion-of-sodium-fena/

VII. References

  1. Braun (2015) Am Fam Physician 91(5): 299-307 [PubMed]

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Ontology: Measurement of fractional excretion of sodium (C0428601)

Definition (NCI_CDISC) A measurement of the fractional excretion of sodium that is computed based upon the concentrations of sodium and creatinine in both blood and urine.
Definition (NCI) The percentage of the total sodium filtered by the kidney that is excreted in the urine. The fractional excretion is calculated by multiplying urinary sodium concentration by the plasma creatinine concentration, then dividing by the urinary creatinine concentration multiplied by the plasma sodium concentration. The resulting ratio is multiplied by 100.
Concepts Laboratory Procedure (T059)
SnomedCT 250725006
English fractional excretion of sodium, fractional excretion of sodium test, fractional sodium excretion, FENA, FeNa, Fractional Excretion of Sodium, FENa, Fractional Excretion of Na, Fractional Sodium Excretion, Fractional excretion of sodium, Measurement of fractional excretion of sodium (procedure), Measurement of fractional excretion of sodium
Spanish excreción fraccional de sodio, medición de la EFNa, medición de la excreción fraccional de sodio (procedimiento), medición de la excreción fraccional de sodio
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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