II. Indications
-
Metabolic Alkalosis evaluation
- Differentiates Chloride Depletion Metabolic Alkalosis from non-chloride depletion
III. Interpretation: Normal
- Urine Chloride >20 mEq/L (>20 mmol/L)
- Urine Chloride: 110-250 mEq per 24 hours
IV. Causes: Decreased Urine Chloride <20 mEq/L (Chloride Depletion Metabolic Alkalosis)
- Gastrointestinal causes
- Renal Causes
- Diuretic use
- Urine Chloride >10 meq/L and may vary considerably (including >20 mEq/L)
- Poorly reabsorbable anion
- Carbenicillin
- Penicillin
- Sulfate
- Phsophate
- Post-Hypercapnia
- Diuretic use
- Exogenous alkali
- Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
- Sodium Citrate
- Lactate
- Gluconate
- Acetate
- Transfusion
- Antacid
- Other causes
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Achlorhydria
- Contraction alkalosis (Dehydration)
V. Causes: Urine Chloride >20 mEq/L (Non-Chloride Depletion Metabolic Alkalosis)
- Hypertensive Patient
- Adrenal Disease
- Primary Hyperaldosteronism
- Cushing's Syndrome (Pituitary, Adrenal or ectopic)
- Liddle Syndrome
- Exogenous steroids
- Excess Mineralocorticoid intake
- Excess Glucocorticoid intake
- Excessive licorice intake
- Carbenoxalone
- Glycyrrhizic acid
- Chewing Tobacco
- Adrenal Disease
- Normotensive Patient
- Bartter Syndrome or Gitelman Syndrome
- Hypokalemia
- Excessive alkali administration
- Milk-Alkali Syndrome
- Refeeding alkalosis
- Overcompensation for chronic Respiratory Acidosis (esp. chronic COPD with hypercapnia)
- Excessive Mechanical Ventilation (excess bicarbonate is typically slow to correct)
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Related Studies
| Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
| SnomedCT | 167447009, 144672000, 14663000 |
| CPT | 82436 |
| English | Chloride; urine, urine chloride measurement (lab test), urine chloride measurement, urine chloride, chloride urine test, chloride urine, chlorides urine, Urine chloride, Urine chloride level, Measurement of chloride in urine, Urine chloride level (procedure), Urine Chloride Test, Chloride measurement, urine, Chloride measurement, urine (procedure), ASSAY OF URINE CHLORIDE, Assay of urine chloride, CHLORIDE URINE |
| Italian | Cloruro urinario |
| Japanese | 尿中クロール, ﾆｮｳﾁｭｳｸﾛｰﾙ |
| Spanish | orina, medición de cloruro en orina (procedimiento), medición de cloruro en orina, Cloro en orina |
| Czech | Chloridy v moči |
| Hungarian | Vizelet klorid |
| French | Chlorure urinaire |
| Portuguese | Cloro na urina |
| Dutch | urine chloride |
| German | Chlorid im Urin |
