II. Definitions

  1. Placebo Effect
    1. Therapy not relevant to condition being treated
    2. Dummy medication used for control group
    3. Latin derivation: "I will please"
  2. Nocebo Effect
    1. Opposite (or inverse) of the Placebo Effect
    2. Negative outcomes or symptoms resulting from a patient believing that an intervention will cause harm

III. General

  1. Response to Placebo: 20-30% of study participants

IV. Efficacy

  1. Meta-analysis shows no therapeutic benefit of using Placebo
  2. Avoid treating medical conditions or symptoms with Placebo in clinical practice (aside from studies)
  3. References
    1. Hrobjartsson (2001) N Engl J Med 344:1594-602 [PubMed]

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Related Studies

Ontology: Placebo Effect (C0032041)

Definition (MSH) An effect usually, but not necessarily, beneficial that is attributable to an expectation that the regimen will have an effect, i.e., the effect is due to the power of suggestion.
Concepts Idea or Concept (T078)
MSH D015990
English Effect, Placebo, Effects, Placebo, Placebo Effect, Placebo Effects, PLACEBO EFF, placebo effect, placebo effects, effect placebo
Swedish Placeboeffekt
Czech placebo efekt
Finnish Lumevaikutus
Russian PLATSEBO EFFEKT, ПЛАЦЕБО ЭФФЕКТ
Polish Efekt placebo
Norwegian Placeboeffekt
French Effet placebo
German Plazeboeffekt
Italian Effetto placebo
Dutch Placebo-effect
Portuguese Efeito Placebo
Spanish Efecto Placebo

Ontology: Placebos (C0032042)

Definition (NCI) An inactive substance, treatment or procedure that is intended to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol of a clinical trial.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) An inactive substance or treatment that looks the same as, and is given the same way as, an active drug or treatment being tested. The effects of the active drug or treatment are compared to the effects of the placebo.
Definition (MSH) Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol.
Definition (PSY) Any effect of therapeutic intervention that cannot be attributed to the specific action of a drug or the treatment. Also, the specific substance used as a control in experiments testing the effect of a particular drug. Term is used selectively for studies of the placebo effect or other methodological issues.
Definition (CSP) pills, injections, or treatments missing the active component of interest, administered to experimental control groups to correct for nonspecific effects.
Definition (PDQ) An inactive substance, treatment or procedure that is intended to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol of a clinical trial. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=43469&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=43469&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C753" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061)
MSH D010919
English Placebos, PLCB, fake drug, sham treatment, placebos, Sham Treatment, Placebos (Medicine), placebo therapy, sham therapy, placebo, Placebo
Swedish Placebo
Czech placeba
Finnish Lumeet
Russian PLATSEBO, ПЛАЦЕБО
French Traitement fictif, Placebo
Italian Trattamento fittizio, Placebo
Croatian PLACEBO
Polish Placebo
Japanese プラセボ, 偽薬, プラシーボ
Norwegian Narrepreparater, Placebopreparater, Narrebehandling
German Placebos, Plazebos
Dutch Placebo, Placebo's
Portuguese Placebos
Spanish Placebos

Ontology: Nocebo Effect (C3658218)

Definition (MSH) An adverse effect occurring with a medical treatment that is not attributable to the actions of the treatment.
Concepts Idea or Concept (T078)
MSH D064786
English Nocebo Effects, Effects, Nocebo, Nocebo Effect, Effect, Nocebo, Nocebo
Czech nocebo efekt, nocebo, škodící efekt
French Effet nocebo, Nocebo
German Nocebo, Nocebo-Effekt
Italian Nocebo, Effetto nocebo
Russian NOTSEBO EFFEKT, НОЦЕБО ЭФФЕКТ