Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Aka: Body Dysmorphic Disorder

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II. Epidemiology

  1. Incidence
    1. General population: 1.9%
    2. Psychiatric outpatients: 12%
  2. Pursuit of surgical correction in 50% of BDD patients

III. Risk Factors

  1. Not married
  2. Living with parents
  3. Female college student

IV. Associated Conditions

  1. Anorexia
  2. Atypical Depression
  3. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  4. Social Anxiety

V. Signs

  1. Preoccupation with physical appearance
    1. Facial flaws are most common preoccupation
    2. Imagined defect or Slight defect
  2. Associated Compulsive Behaviors
    1. Mirror checking
    2. Excessive grooming
    3. Skin picking
  3. Disordered functioning
    1. Severe distress
    2. Impaired work or social functioning
    3. Suicidal Ideation or attempt

VI. Management

  1. Treating the physical "defect" does not resolve Body Dysmorphic Disorder
    1. Crerand (2005) Psychosomatics 46(6): 549-55 [PubMed]
  2. Pharmacotherapy is similar to Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
    1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
      1. Requires high end of dosing range
    2. Clomipramine (Anafranil)

VII. Resources

  1. Claiborn (2002) The BDD Workbook, New Harbinger Publications
    1. Paid link to Amazon.com (ISBN 1572242930)
  2. Phillips (2005) The Broken Mirror, Oxford University Press
    1. Paid link to Amazon.com (ISBN 0195167198)

VIII. References

  1. Hollander (1999) Arch Gen Psychiatry 56:1033-9 [PubMed]
  2. Hunt (2008) Am Fam Physician 78(2): 217-2 [PubMed]

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