II. Mechanism
- Sodium Azide Description
- Odorless white crystalline powder
- Sodium Azide Activity
- Cytochrome oxidase inhibitor
- Nitridizing agent
- Terminal oxidation inhibitor (blocks Oxidative Phosphorylation)
- Results in cellular asphyxia
- Increases cyclic guanosine monophosphate (via guanylate cyclase activation)
- Cytochrome oxidase inhibitor
- Sodium Azide Industrial Use
III. Toxicity
- Very dangerous chemical in humans
- Lethal dose <1 grams
V. Signs
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension (within minutes of ingestion)
- Pungent, toxic odor
- Hydrazoic acid fumes (released on ingestion and acidification of Sodium Azide)
VI. Labs
- Serum Lactic Acid
- Increased
- Basic chemistry panel
VII. Management
- Staff should wear Personal Protection Equipment
- Patient Decontamination
- Remove and bag clothing
- Rinse patient of any remaining Sodium Azide (powder, vomit)
- Consider Activated Charcoal in early presentations after ingestion
- Aggressive supportive care
- Intravenous Fluids
- Airway management
- Vasopressors (Norepinephrine) for refractory Hypotension
- Consider Hemodialysis or plasma exchange
VIII. References
- Tomaszewski (2019) Crit Dec Emerg Med 33(9):32
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| Definition (MSH) | A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) |
| Concepts | Hazardous or Poisonous Substance (T131) , Indicator, Reagent, or Diagnostic Aid (T130) , Inorganic Chemical (T197) |
| MSH | D019810 |
| SnomedCT | 6261000124101 |
| English | NaN3, Azide, Sodium, Sodium Azide, NAN 003, Sodium Azide [Chemical/Ingredient], sodium azide, Sodium azide, Sodium azide (substance) |
| French | NaN3, Azoture de sodium |
| Swedish | Natriumazid |
| Czech | NaN3, azid sodný |
| Finnish | Natriumatsidi |
| Italian | NaN3, Azoturo di sodio |
| Russian | NATRIIA AZID, NAN3, НАТРИЯ АЗИД |
| Japanese | アジ化ナトリウム, ナトリウムアジド, 窒化ナトリウム |
| German | NAN 003, NaN3, Natriumazid |
| Spanish | Azida Sódica, Acida Sódica, NaN3 |
| Polish | Azydek sodowy, NaN3 |
| Norwegian | Natriumazid, NaN3 |
| Portuguese | Azida Sódica, NaN3 |
