Toxin Induced Vital Sign Changes

Aka: Toxin Induced Vital Sign Changes

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II. Causes: Normal Vital Signs

  1. Benzodiazepine Intoxication
    1. Typically presents with normal Vital Signs and Altered Level of Consciousness

III. Causes: Hypothermia (Mnemonic=COOLS)

  1. Carbon Monoxide
  2. Opiates
  3. Oral Hypoglycemics or Insulin
  4. Liquor (Alcohol)
  5. Sedative Hypnotics (e.g. Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates)

IV. Causes: Hyperthermia (Mnemonic=NASA)

  1. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome or Nicotine
  2. Antihistamines
  3. Salicylates or Sympathomimetics
  4. Anticholinergics or Antidepressants

V. Causes: Bradycardia (Mnemonic=PACED)

  1. See Toxin Induced Bradycardia
  2. Propranolol or Poppies (Opiates)
  3. Anticholinesterase drugs
  4. Clonidine or Calcium Channel Blockers
  5. Ethanol
  6. Digoxin

VI. Causes: Tachycardia (Mnemonic=FAST)

  1. See Toxin Induced Tachycardia
  2. Free Base (Cocaine)
  3. Anticholinergics, Antihistamines or Amphetamines
  4. Sympathomimetics or Solvent abuse
  5. Theophylline

VII. Causes: Hypotension (Mnemonic=CRASH)

  1. Clonidine, Calcium Channel Blockers
  2. Reserpine (Antihypertensive agents)
  3. Antidepressants, Aminophylline
  4. Sedative Hypnotics (e.g. Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates)
  5. Heroin (and Opiates)

VIII. Causes: Hypertension (Mnemonic=CTSCAN)

  1. See Toxin Induced Hypertension
  2. Cocaine
  3. Thyroid Supplements
  4. Sympathomimetics
  5. Caffeine
  6. Anticholinergics and Amphetamines
  7. Nicotine

IX. Causes: Hypoventilation (Mnemonic=SLOW)

  1. Sedative Hypnotics
  2. Liquor (Alcohol)
  3. Opiates
  4. Weed (Marijuana)

X. Causes: Hyperventilation (Mnemonic=PANT)

  1. Phencyclidine (PCP) or Pneumonitis (Chemical)
  2. Aspirin (Salicylates)
  3. Non-Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
  4. Toxic Metabolic Acidosis

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