Acute Pelvic Pain Causes in Women

Aka: Acute Pelvic Pain Causes in Women, Acute Pelvic Pain Causes, Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pelvic Pain

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II. Causes: Pregnancy Related Acute Pelvic Pain

  1. Ectopic Pregnancy
  2. Miscarriage
    1. Threatened Abortion
    2. Incomplete Abortion
    3. Septic Abortion
  3. Preterm Labor
  4. Rupture corpus luteum cyst
  5. Abruptio Placentae (Placental Abruption)
  6. Uterine Rupture
  7. Postpartum Endometritis
  8. Ovarian vein thrombosis
  9. Ovarian Torsion
  10. Pubic Symphysis separation
  11. Round ligament pain
  12. Fertility treatment specific conditions (with or without current pregnancy)
    1. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
    2. Heterotopic Pregnancy (rare)

III. Causes: Gynecologic Causes of Acute Pelvic Pain

  1. Mittelschmerz
  2. Ovarian Cyst (Hemorrhage or rupture)
  3. Ovarian Torsion
  4. Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease or Tubo-Ovarian Abscess
  5. Endometriosis
  6. Degenerating Uterine Fibroids
  7. Primary Dysmenorrhea
  8. Pelvic Neoplasm (especially post-menopausal)
  9. Intrauterine Device migration, retention or perforation
  10. Imperforate Hymen (adolescent)
  11. Transverse vaginal septum (adolescent)

IV. Causes: Urinary

  1. Urinary Tract Infection
  2. Pyelonephritis
  3. Urolithiasis or Nephrolithiasis

V. Causes: Gastrointestinal

  1. Acute Appendicitis
  2. Bowel Obstruction
  3. Inguinal Hernia
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  6. Diverticulitis
  7. Mesenteric adenitis
  8. Perirectal Abscess
  9. Ischemic Colitis

VI. Causes: Miscellaneous Causes of Acute Pelvic Pain

  1. Abdominal Muscle Wall Pain
    1. See Abdominal Muscle Wall Pain Causes
  2. Sexual abuse
  3. Trauma
    1. Bowel perforation
    2. Bladder perforation

VII. References

  1. Smith (1997, Feb) Consultant 404-12
  2. Bhavsar (2016) Am Fam Physician 93(1): 41-8 [PubMed]
  3. Cartwright (2008) Am Fam Physician 77(7): 971-8 [PubMed]
  4. Kruszka (2010) Am Fam Physician 82(2): 141-7 [PubMed]

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