II. Definitions
- Transplant
- Biologic object transferred from one anatomic site to another
III. Types
- Autograft
- Transplantation of tissue within the same patient (e.g. skin graft)
- Synergeneic Graft (Syngraft, Isograft)
- Transplantation of tissue between identical twins
- Allogeneic Graft (Allograft)
- Transplant between non-genetically identical persons (e.g. Blood Transfusion)
- Xenogeneic Graft (Xenograft)
- Transplant between species (e.g. bovine Heart Valve transplant in humans)
IV. Epidemiology
- Transplantant Incidence: Approaches 39,719 per year with over 7397 live donor transplants (2019, U.S.)
- Kidney Transplant (23,401)
- Liver Transplant (8,896)
- Heart Transplant (3,552)
- Lung Transplant (2,714)
- Kidney-Pancreas Transplant (872)
- Pancreas Transplant (143)
- Intestine Transplant (81)
- Heart-Lung Transplant (45)
- References
- United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS, accessed 11/6/2020)
V. Physiology
- Graft success depends on Immune System acceptance of the transplanted tissue
- Autografts (from self) and Syngrafts (between twins) are accepted as self
- Blood Transfusions are matched between donor and recipient by ABO, Rh (and other Antigens)
- Allogenic grafts are rejected without HLA matching and suppressing immune response
- Major Histocompatibility Complex or MHC (Human Leukocyte Antigen or HLA Complex) matching
- Immunosuppressive Medications (e.g. Corticosteroids, cyclosporin, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus)
VI. Types
- Cardiopulmonary
- Lung Transplant
- Heart Transplant
- Eye
- Cornea Transplant
- Gastrointestinal
- Liver Transplant
- Kidney Transplant
- Pancreas Transplant
- Intestine Transplant
- Hematologic
- Skin (Autografts)
- Hair Transplant
- Skin Transplant
VII. Precautions: Transplant Anti-Rejection Drugs
- See Transplant Rejection
- Continuation of antirejection drugs at appropriate dose is critical to prevent rejection and serious adverse events
- Antirejection drugs have a narrow Therapeutic Index, Drug Interactions, and Immunosuppression risks
- Clarify anti-rejection drugs and doses, as well as monitoring (e.g. target trough levels) at Transitions of Care (e.g. hospital admission)
- Specific drug formulations and concentrations may vary significantly and are high risk for error
- Consult transplant team when patient is NPO or with Nasogastric Tube
- Consult transplant team regarding possible adverse effects (e.g. nephrotoxicity with Tacrolimus or Cyclosporine)
- Also consult when there is the potential for Drug Interactions
- References
- (2023) Presc Lett 30(10): 59
VIII. References
- Mahmoudi (2014) Immunology Made Ridiculously Simple, MedMaster, Miami
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (SCTSPA) | Movilización de tejido corporal o células desde el sitio donante al sitio receptor |
| Definition (SNOMEDCT_US) | To move body tissue or cells from donor site to recipient site |
| Definition (MSH) | Transference of a tissue or organ from either an alive or deceased donor, within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species. |
| Definition (CSP) | transferring cells, tissues or organs within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species. |
| Concepts | Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061) |
| MSH | D014180 |
| SnomedCT | 360011002, 77465005, 263903005, 129406001 |
| LNC | LA18638-9 |
| English | Transplantations, transplantation, TRANSPL, TX - Transplant, procedures transplantation, transplanted, transplanting, transplant procedure, transplantations, procedures transplant, transplant, transplantation procedure, Transplant, Transplant procedure, Tx - Transplant, Transplant (qualifier value), Transplantation (procedure), Transplantation - action (qualifier value), Transplantation - action, Transplantation, Transplantation, NOS |
| Swedish | Transplantation |
| Japanese | ｲｼｮｸ, 移植, 移植術 |
| Czech | transplantace, Transplantace |
| Finnish | Transplantaatio |
| Russian | TRANSPLANTATSIIA, ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ |
| Spanish | trasplante - acción, trasplante (acción), Trasplante (Técnica), Injerto (Técnica), Trasplantación, trasplante, trasplante (calificador), trasplante (procedimiento), trasplante - acción (calificador), Trasplante |
| French | Greffe (procédure), Greffe, Greffon, Transplantation |
| Croatian | TRANSPLANTACIJA |
| Polish | Przeszczepianie, Transplantacja |
| Hungarian | Transzplantáció |
| Norwegian | Transplantasjon |
| Portuguese | Transplantação, Enxertia, Transplante (Técnica), Transplante |
| Dutch | transplantaat, Transplantatie |
| German | Transplantat, Transplantation, Verpflanzung |
| Italian | Trapianto |
Ontology: Transplantation, Homologous (C0040739)
| Definition (SCTSPA) | Trasplante en el cual los sitios receptor y donante pertenecen a distintos individuos de la misma especie |
| Definition (SNOMEDCT_US) | A transplantation where the donor and recipient spots are from antigenically distinct individuals of the same species |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | The transplant of an organ, tissue, or cells from one individual to another individual of the same species who is not an identical twin. |
| Definition (NCI) | Grafting or transplanting cells, tissues, or organs between genetically non-identical individuals. |
| Definition (CSP) | transplantation between individuals of the same species. |
| Definition (MSH) | Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals. |
| Concepts | Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061) |
| MSH | D014184 |
| ICD10 | 90670-00 |
| SnomedCT | 50223000 |
| English | Allogeneic Transplantation, Allograft, Homologous Transplantation, Transplantation, Allogeneic, Transplantation, Homologous, homologous transplantation, allogeneic transplantation, TRANSPL HOMOL, ALLOGENEIC TRANSPL, HOMOL TRANSPL, TRANSPL ALLOGENEIC, homograft, allografting, allografts, homografting, homografts, Allografting, Homografting, allograft, Homotransplantation, Allogeneic transplantation, Allogeneic transplantation (procedure) |
| Swedish | Allotransplantation |
| Czech | transplantace alogenní, aloštěp, alogenní transplantace, homoštěp, transplantace homologní, homologní transplantace |
| Finnish | Homologinen transplantaatio |
| Italian | Omoinnesto, Trapianto allogenico, Trapianto omologo |
| Russian | ALLOTRANSPLANTATSIIA, TRANSPLANTATSIIA GOMOLOGICHESKAIA, TRANSPLANTATSIIA ALLOGENNAIA, GOMOLOGICHESKAIA TRANSPLANTATSIIA, АЛЛОТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ, ГОМОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ, ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ АЛЛОГЕННАЯ, ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ГОМОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ |
| Japanese | 同種異系移殖片, 同種間移植, 移植-同種, 移植-同種間, 同種移植片, 同種移植, アログラフト |
| French | Transplantation homologue, Transplantation allogénique, Homoplastie, Homotransplantation |
| Croatian | TRANSPLANTACIJA, HOMOLOGNA |
| Polish | Przeszczep homogenny, Przeszczepianie homologiczne, Przeszczep allogeniczny, Alloprzeszczep |
| Norwegian | Transplantasjon, allogen, Homolog transplantasjon, Transplantasjon, homolog, Allogen transplantasjon |
| Spanish | Trasplantación Homóloga, Trasplantación Alogénica, alotrasplante (procedimiento), alotrasplante, homotrasplante, Trasplante Alogénico, Trasplante Homólogo |
| Portuguese | Transplantação Homóloga, Transplantação Alogênica, Enxerto Alogênico, Transplante Alogênico, Transplante Homólogo |
| German | Homograft, Homotransplantat, Transplantation, allogene, Transplantation, homologe |
| Dutch | Allotransplantaat, Homologe transplantatie, Transplantatie, allogene, Transplantatie, homologe |
Ontology: Xenograft procedure (C0520484)
| Definition (MSH) | Transplantation between animals of different species. |
| Definition (CSP) | procedures in which live cells, tissues, or organs derived from one species are transplanted, implanted, or infused into another species; includes those procedures from an animal into a human or from one animal into another; also includes procedures in which human body fluids, cells, tissues, or organs are removed from the body, come into contact with live animal cells, tissues, or organs, and are then placed back into a human patient; this definition is based upon the DHHS definition; where appropriate, index donor and recipient species. |
| Concepts | Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061) |
| MSH | D014183 |
| ICD10 | 90671-00 |
| SnomedCT | 53959004 |
| English | Heterologous Transplantation, Transplantation, Heterologous, Xenograft, Xenotransplantation, Xenograft procedure, xenograft, HETEROL TRANSPL, XENOTRANSPL, TRANSPL HETEROL, xenotransplantation, xenografting, xenografts, Transplantation, Xenograft, Heterograft Transplantation, Heterografting, Xenografting, Xenograft Transplantation, Transplantation, Heterograft, Xenogeneic transplantation, Animal-human transplantation, Heterologous transplantation, Xenogeneic transplantation (procedure), heterologous transplantation |
| Swedish | Xenotransplantation |
| Czech | transplantace heterologní, xenotransplantát |
| Finnish | Heterologinen transplantaatio |
| Italian | Xenoinnesto, Eteroinnesto, Xenotrapianto, Trapianto eterologo |
| Russian | TRANSPLANTATSIIA GETEROLOGICHESKAIA, KSENOTRANSPLANTATSIIA, GETEROLOGICHESKAIA TRANSPLANTATSIIA, KSENOTRANSPLANTAT, GETEROTRANSPLANTAT, ГЕТЕРОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ, ГЕТЕРОТРАНСПЛАНТАТ, КСЕНОТРАНСПЛАНТАТ, КСЕНОТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ, ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ГЕТЕРОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ |
| Japanese | 異種移植, ヘテロ移植, 異体移植, 異種移植片, 移植-異種, 異種間移植 |
| French | Xénogreffe, Transplantation hétérologue, Hétérogreffe, Greffe hétérologue, Greffe hétéroplastique, Greffe xénoplastique, Héteroplastie, Hétérotransplantation |
| Croatian | TRANSPLANTACIJA, HETEROLOGNA |
| Polish | Przeszczep ksenogenny, Przeszczepianie ksenogeniczne, Przeszczepianie heterologiczne, Ksenoprzeszczep |
| Norwegian | Xenotransplantasjon, Transplantasjon, xenolog, Heterotransplantasjon |
| Spanish | Trasplantación Heteróloga, trasplante animal - humano, trasplante heterólogo, xenoinjerto, xenotrasplante (procedimiento), xenotrasplante, Trasplante Heterólogo, Xenotrasplantación |
| Portuguese | Transplantação Heteróloga, Transplante Heterólogo, Xenotransplante |
| German | Heterotransplantat, Transplantation, heterologe, Transplantation, xenogene, Xenogene Transplantation, Xenotransplantat, Interspeziestransplantation |
| Dutch | Heterologe transplantatie, Transplantatie, heterologe, Xenotransplantaat, Xenotransplantatie |
Ontology: Autograft Material (C0559189)
| Definition (MSH) | Transplant comprised of an individual's own tissue, transferred from one part of the body to another. |
| Definition (NCI) | A graft transferred from one location to another within the same individual. |
| Concepts | Biomedical or Dental Material (T122) |
| MSH | D064592 |
| SnomedCT | 15879007, 123146007 |
| English | Autochtonous graft, Autochthonous graft, Autograft Material, autograft, autografting, autologous grafting, autogenous graft, autochtonous graft, Autologous Transplants, Transplant, Autologous, Autotransplants, Autotransplant, Autografts, Autologous Transplant, Transplants, Autologous, Autograft, Autogenous graft, Autologous graft, Autoplast, Autograft (substance), Autograft -RETIRED- |
| Spanish | autotrasplante, autoinjerto (concepto no activo), autoplastia, autoinjerto (sustancia), autoinjerto, injerto autógeno, injerto autólogo |
| Czech | autologní štěp, autotransplantát |
| French | Greffes autologues, Transplants autologues, Autogreffes, Autotransplants |
| German | Autologe Transplantate, Autotransplantate |
| Italian | Trapianti autologhi, Autoinnesti, Autotrapianti |
| Norwegian | Autografter, Autotransplantater, Transplantater fra samme individ, Autologe transplantater |
| Russian | AUTOTRANSPLANTATY, АУТОТРАНСПЛАНТАТЫ |
