II. Indication
III. Efficacy
- Low yield test in back disorders
IV. Views: Standard (Includes lower thoracic Vertebrae to Sacrum)
- Anterior-Posterior (AP) L-S Spine
- Lateral L-S Spine
- Vertebral body
- Facet joint
- Lordotic curvature of L-S Spine
- Intervertebral foramen
- Intervertebral disc space height shortening
- Lumbosacral disc disease (degenerative)
- Spinal Osteomyelitis
- Spondylolisthesis (anterior slippage of L5 on S1)
V. Views: Specific (typically low yield)
- Oblique L-S Spine (tube angled at 45 degrees)
- Neural foramina narrowing
- Pars Interarticularis Defect
- Spinal Tumor
- Facet hypertrophy
- Spondylosis
- Spondylolysis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Flexion and extension views
- Used to assess ligamentous and bony injury
- Contraindications
- Other XRay abnormalities are present
- Decreased Level of Consciousness