II. Epidemiology
- Highest Incidence among elderly
- Nursing Home epidemics have recently been identified
- Reference
- Also common in young adults
- Causes 6-10% of Community Acquired Pneumonia
- Higher risk with comrobid illness
III. Pathophysiology
- Caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Chlamydia pneumoniae, TWAR)
- Contrast with Neonatal Chlamydia Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis via vertical transmission in newborns
IV. Symptoms
-
Atypical Pneumonia presentation
- Similar to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Cough (88%): Minimally productive if at all
- Fever (80%)
- Shortness of Breath (73%)
- Chills (73%)
- Nausea (73%
- Headache (56%)
- Myalgia (50%)
- Chest Pain (46%)
- Rhinitis (46%)
- Diarrhea (42%)
- Sore Throat (42%)
- Hoarseness (36%)
V. Labs
- Chlamydia Serologies
-
Complete Blood Count
- Mild Leukocytosis
VI. Radiology: Chest XRay
- Localized segmental infiltrate
VII. Management: Antibiotic for 10 to 14 days
- Primary
- Alternative Antibiotics
VIII. Prognosis
- Mortality may approach 9% in edlerly with comorbidity
IX. References
- Gilbert (2001) Sanford Antimicrobial, p. 28
- File (1998) Infect Dis Clin North Am 12(3):569-92 [PubMed]
- File (1999) Clin Infect Dis 29:426-8 [PubMed]
- Grayston (1992) Annu Rev Med 43:317-23 [PubMed]
- Kuo (1995) Clin Microbiol Rev 8(4):451-61 [PubMed]
- Plouffe (2000) Clin Infect Dis 31:S35-9 [PubMed]
- Tan (1999) Can Respir J 6:15A-9A [PubMed]