II. Epidemiology

  1. Nontypeable Hib (NTHi) is the second most common cause of Community Acquired Pneumonia (behind Pneumococcus)
  2. NTHi Pneumonia frequently complicates Chronic Bronchitis (Non-Typeable Haemophilus Influenzae)

III. Pathophysiology

  1. See Haemophilus Influenzae
  2. Typically caused by nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae (NTHi)

IV. Risk Factors

  1. Chronic lung disease (e.g. COPD, Chronic Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis)
  2. Chronic Liver Disease
  3. Alcohol Use Disorder
  4. Elderly patients

V. Findings: Symptoms and Signs

  1. See Bacterial Pneumonia
  2. Similar presentation to Pneumococcal Pneumonia
    1. Productive, Purulent Sputum is common
    2. Less severe course than Pneumococcal Pneumonia

VI. Labs

  1. Gram Stain
    1. Pleomorphic, facultatively anaerobic Gram Negative Rods (coccobacilli)

VII. Management: Antibiotics

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