II. Definitions
- Arteriovenous Malformation
- Abnormal blood vessel configuration in which blood is shunted directly from arteries to veins, bypassing capillaries
- Either a single dilated artery or arteriole, or clusters of dilated arteries and arterioles join and connect directly to a vein
- Cerebral AV Malformations are the most common Clinically Significant AVMs, and risk Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- Arteriovenous Fistula
- Subtype of AV Malformation, in which a single dilated artery connects to a single vein
- Angiodysplasia
- Acquired dilation or ectasia of blood vessels, that develops with aging
- Results in single, tortuous, thin walled vessels (esp. capillaries) prone to bleeding
- Most commonly affects the Gastrointestinal Tract, presenting with GI Bleeding
III. Background
- Vascular Malformations are a subset of vascular anomalies (vascular tumors and Vascular Malformations)
- Vascular tumors include Hemangiomas (infantile or Congenital Hemangiomas)
- Vascular Malformation Types (vascular proliferation)
- Slow flow (venous)
- Capillary malformation
- Venous malformation
- Lymphatic malformation
- Fast flow (arterial)
- Arterial malformation
- Arteriovenous Fistula
- Arteriovenous Malformation
- Slow flow (venous)
IV. Causes: Genetic AV Malformation
-
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT, or Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome)
- Spontaneous Epistaxis
- Mucocutaneous Telangiectasia
- Visceral Arteriovenous Malformations
- HHT Family History
- Capillary Malformation - Arteriovenous Malformation (CM-AVM)
- Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM)
- Cutaneous Venous Malformation (VMCM)
V. References
- Zyck and Sampath (2021) Arteriovenous Malformations, Stat Pearls, Treasure Island, accessed 3/30/2022
- Whitehead (2013) Cold Spring Harb Persp Med 3:a006635 [PubMed]
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (MSH) | An abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE. |
| Concepts | Anatomical Abnormality (T190) |
| MSH | D001164 |
| SnomedCT | 439470001, 128617001, 11556006 |
| LNC | LP30443-3, MTHU011026 |
| English | Arteriovenous Fistula, Fistulas, Arteriovenous, Arteriovenous Fistulas, arteriovenous fistula (diagnosis), arteriovenous fistula, Arteriovenous fistula (disorder), AV fistula, Arteriovenous Fistula [Disease/Finding], fistula arteriovenous, a-v fistula, av fistula, arteriovenous aneurysm, fistulas arteriovenous, av fistulas, arteriovenous fistulas, arterio-venous fistula, arteriovenous av fistula, a v fistula, a v fistulas, arteriovenous shunt, AV Fistula, Fistula, Arteriovenous, AV - Arteriovenous fistula, Arteriovenous shunt, Arteriovenous fistula (morphologic abnormality), Arteriovenous fistula, fistula; arteriovenous, arteriovenous; fistula, A-V fistula, Arterio-venous fistula, Fistula arteriovenous, Fistula;arteriovenous |
| Dutch | arterioveneuze fistel, fistel arterioveneus, arterioveneus; fistel, fistel; arterioveneus, Aneurysma, arterioveneus, Arterioveneus aneurysma, Arterioveneuze fistel, Fistel, arterioveneuze |
| Portuguese | Fístula arteriovenosa, Fístula Arteriovenosa |
| Spanish | Fístula arteriovenosa, fístula arteriovenosa (trastorno), derivación arteriovenosa, fístula arteriovenosa (anomalía morfológica), fístula arteriovenosa, shunt arteriovenoso, Fístula Arteriovenosa |
| German | Fistel arteriovenoes, Arteriovenöse Fisteln, Arteriovenöse Fistel, arteriovenoese Fistel |
| Italian | Fistola artero-venosa, Fistole arterovenose, Fistola arterovenosa |
| Swedish | Arteriovenös fistel |
| Japanese | ﾄﾞｳｼﾞｮｳﾐｬｸﾛｳ, A-V フィステル, 動静脈瘻, 動静脈ろう, 動静脈フィステル, 動静脈瘤, 動静脈瘻フィステル, 大動静脈瘻, 大動静脈瘻フィステル |
| Czech | arteriovenózní píštěl, Arterio-venózní píštěl, Arteriovenózní píštěl |
| Finnish | Valtimo-laskimofisteli |
| Russian | ARTERIOVENOZNYI SVISHCH, ANEVRIZMA ARTERIOVENOZNAIA, ARTERIOVENOZNAIA ANEVRIZMA, АНЕВРИЗМА АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНАЯ, АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНАЯ АНЕВРИЗМА, АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНЫЙ СВИЩ |
| French | Fistules artério-veineuses, Fistule artérioveineuse, Fistule artério-veineuse |
| Croatian | ARTERIOVENSKA FISTULA |
| Polish | Przetoka tętniczo-żylna |
| Hungarian | Arteriovenosus sipoly, Fistula arteriovenosa, Arteriovenosus fistula |
| Norwegian | Fistel, arteriovenøs, Arteriovenøse fistler, Arteriovenøs fistel |
Ontology: Congenital arteriovenous malformation (C0003857)
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are defects in your vascular system. The vascular system includes arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart to other organs; veins carry blood back to the heart. Capillaries connect the arteries and veins. An AVM is a snarled tangle of arteries and veins. They are connected to each other, with no capillaries. That interferes with the blood circulation in an organ. AVMs can happen anywhere, but they are more common in the brain or spinal cord. Most people with brain or spinal cord AVMs have few, if any, major symptoms. Sometimes they can cause seizures or headaches. AVMs are rare. The cause is not known, but they seem to develop during pregnancy or soon after birth. Doctors use imaging tests to detect them. Medicines can help with the symptoms from AVMs. The greatest danger is hemorrhage. Treatment for AVMs can include surgery or focused radiation therapy. Because surgery can be risky, you and your doctor need to make a decision carefully. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| Definition (MSH) | Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can lead to tissue damage in the affected areas. |
| Concepts | Congenital Abnormality (T019) , Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D001165 |
| SnomedCT | 254204000, 390006005, 204487004, 234141001, 24551003 |
| English | Arteriovenous Malformations, Malformation, Arteriovenous, Malformations, Arteriovenous, AV - Cong arterioven malforma, Congenital arteriovenous malf, AVM-Congen arteriovenous malf, A-V malformation, Arteriovenous malformations, Arteriovenous Malformations [Disease/Finding], av malformation, a v malformations, arteriovenous anomaly, av malformations, a v malformation, arteriovenous malformations, a-v malformation, anomalies arteriovenous, AVM, arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous malformation (diagnosis), Arteriovenous anomaly, AV - Congenital arteriovenous anomaly, Arteriovenous malformation, AV - Congenital arteriovenous malformation, AVM - Congenital arteriovenous malformation, Congenital arteriovenous malformation (disorder), Arteriovenous malformation (morphologic abnormality), Congenital arteriovenous malformation, deformity; arteriovenous, arteriovenous; deformity, Arteriovenous malformation, NOS, Arteriovenous Malformation |
| Italian | Malformazione arterovenosa, Malformazione artero-venosa, Malformazioni arterovenose |
| Dutch | aterioveneuze afwijking, arterioveneuze misvormingen, A-V-misvorming, arterioveneus; misvorming, misvorming; arterioveneus, arterioveneuze misvorming, Arterioveneuze misvorming, Arterioveneuze misvormingen, Malformatie, arterioveneuze, Misvorming, arterioveneuze, Misvormingen, arterioveneuze |
| French | Anomalie artérioveineuse, Malformation A-V, Malformation artérioveineuse, Malformation artério-veineuse, Malformations artério-veineuses, Malformations artérioveineuses |
| German | arteriovenoese Missbildungen, arteriovenoese Anomalie, AV-Missbildung, arteriovenoese Missbildung, Arteriovenöse Fehlbildungen |
| Portuguese | Malformação AV, Malformações arteriovenosas, Anomalia arteriovenosa, Malformação arteriovenosa, Malformações Arteriovenosas |
| Spanish | Malformación AV, Anomalía arteriovenosa, Malformaciones arteriovenosas, anomalía arteriovenosa (anomalía morfológica), anomalía arteriovenosa, malformación AV congénita, malformación arteriovenosa congénita (trastorno), malformación arteriovenosa congénita, malformación arteriovenosa, Malformación arteriovenosa, Malformaciones Arteriovenosas |
| Japanese | 動静脈奇形, 動静脈異常, Ａ−Ｖ奇形, AVｷｹｲ, ﾄﾞｳｼﾞｮｳﾐｬｸｲｼﾞｮｳ, ﾄﾞｳｼﾞｮｳﾐｬｸｷｹｲ |
| Swedish | Arteriovenösa missbildningar |
| Czech | arteriovenózní malformace, A-V malformace, Arteriovenózní malformace, Arteriovenózní anomálie |
| Finnish | Valtimo-laskimoepämuodostumat |
| Russian | ARTERIOVENOZNAIA ANEVRIZMA VROZHDENNAIA, ARTERIOVENOZNYE MAL'FORMATSII, ANEVRIZMA ARTERIOVENOZNAIA VROZHDENNAIA, АНЕВРИЗМА АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНАЯ ВРОЖДЕННАЯ, АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНАЯ АНЕВРИЗМА ВРОЖДЕННАЯ, АРТЕРИОВЕНОЗНЫЕ МАЛЬФОРМАЦИИ |
| Croatian | ARTERIOVENSKE MALFORMACIJE |
| Polish | Malformacje tętniczo-żylne, Wrodzone wady naczyń krwionośnych, Wady wrodzone naczyń krwionośnych |
| Hungarian | Arteriovenosus anomalia, A-V malformatio, Arteriovenosus malformatio, Arteriovenosus malformatiók |
| Norwegian | Arteriovenøse misdannelser |
Ontology: Angiodysplasia (C0085411)
| Definition (MSHCZE) | Získaná degenerativní dilatace nebo rozšíšení (ektázie) normálních CÉV, objevující se často s postupujícím věkem. Izolované, postranní, tenkostěnné cévy mohou být zdrojem krvácení. Vyskytují se nejčastěji u slizničních kapilár GASTROINTESTINÁLNÍHO TRAKTU a vedou ke GASTROINTESTINÁLNÍ HEMORAGII a ANÉMII. |
| Definition (MSH) | Acquired degenerative dilation or expansion (ectasia) of normal BLOOD VESSELS, often associated with aging. They are isolated, tortuous, thin-walled vessels and sources of bleeding. They occur most often in mucosal capillaries of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE and ANEMIA. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D016888 |
| SnomedCT | 71072006 |
| English | Angiodysplasias, Angiodysplasia [Disease/Finding], angiodysplasia, angiodysplasias, Angiodysplasia NOS, Angiodysplasia (morphologic abnormality), Angiodysplasia |
| Dutch | angiodysplasie NAO, angiodysplasie, Angiodysplasie, Dysplasie, angio- |
| French | Angiodysplasie SAI, Angiodysplasie |
| German | Angiodysplasie NNB, Angiodysplasie, Dysplasie, Angio-, Dysplasie, Gefäß-, Gefäßdysplasie |
| Italian | Angiodisplasia NAS, Angiodisplasia |
| Portuguese | Angiodisplasia NE, Angiodisplasia |
| Spanish | Angiodisplasia NEOM, angiodisplasia (anomalía morfológica), angiodisplasia, Angiodisplasia |
| Japanese | 血管異形成, 血管異形成ＮＯＳ, ｹｯｶﾝｲｹｲｾｲ, ｹｯｶﾝｲｹｲｾｲNOS |
| Swedish | Angiodysplasi |
| Czech | angiodysplazie, cévy - dysplazie získaná, Angiodysplazie, Angiodysplazie NOS |
| Finnish | Angiodysplasia |
| Russian | ANGIODISPLAZIIA, АНГИОДИСПЛАЗИЯ |
| Polish | Angiodysplazja |
| Hungarian | Angiodysplasia, Angiodysplasia k.m.n. |
| Norwegian | Angiodysplasi |
Ontology: Vascular malformations and acquired anomalies (C1328272)
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| Italian | Malformazioni e anomalie acquisite vascolari |
| Japanese | 血管奇形および後天性異常, ｹｯｶﾝｷｹｲｵﾖﾋﾞｺｳﾃﾝｾｲｲｼﾞｮｳ |
| Czech | Cévní malformace a získané anomálie |
| Hungarian | Vascularis malformatiók és szerzett anomáliák |
| English | Vascular malformations and acquired anomalies |
| Portuguese | Malformações vasculares e anomalias adquiridas |
| Spanish | Malformaciones y anomalías adquiridas vasculares |
| Dutch | vasculaire misvormingen en verworven afwijkingen |
| French | Malformations vasculaires et anomalies acquises |
| German | Gefaessmissbildungen und erworbene Gefaessanomalien |
