II. Indications
- Vaginitis Evaluation
III. Technique
- Standard pH paper is too broad (not useful)
- Use special Vaginal pH paper (made by 3M)
- Vaginal pH paper 4.3 to 4.9
IV. Causes: Normal Vaginal pH
- Acidic pH: 3.8 to 4.5
V. Causes: Increased Vaginal pH (pH >4.5)
- Non-infectious Causes
- Menses
- Cervical Mucus increased (e.g. Ovulation)
- Semen in vagina following intercourse
- Rupture of Membranes in pregnancy
- Estrogen deficiency (Hypoestrogenism)
- Infectious Causes
- Trichomoniasis
- Bacterial Vaginosis
- Infection associated with Retained Foreign Body
- Rare Infectious Causes
- Group A Streptococcal Vaginitis
- Inflammatory Vaginitis with Desquamation