II. Epidemiology
- Incidence highest in middle age and over 60 years old (especially smokers)
- Men more commonly affected
III. Pathophysiology
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma (90% of malignant Larynx)
IV. Risk Factors
- Tobacco Abuse
- Alcohol Abuse
- Elderly
- Chronic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
V. Symptoms
- Chronic Hoarseness (longer than 2 weeks)
- Pharyngitis (especially unilateral)
- Odynophagia
- Otalgia
- Dysphagia
- Dyspnea
- Hemoptysis
VI. Signs: Laryngeal Exam
- Early Findings
- Advanced findings
- Exophytic mass lesion or ulceration on Vocal Cords
- Immobility of the vocal cord may suggest invasion
VII. Management
- Surgical excision with or without radiation
VIII. Prognosis:
- Five year survival if lesion on true cords: >80%
- Five year survival if lesion above true cords: >50%
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Related Studies
| Definition (NCI) | A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the larynx. The majority are carcinomas. |
| Concepts | Neoplastic Process (T191) |
| MSH | D007822 |
| ICD9 | 161.9, 161 |
| ICD10 | C32 , C32.9 |
| SnomedCT | 93859007, 187851007, 154484002, 269560007, 363429002 |
| English | LARYNX NEOPLASM MALIGNANT, Malig neop larynx NOS, Malignant neoplasm of larynx NOS, Malignant neoplasm of larynx, unspecified, Larynx, unspecified, Ca larynx - NOS, malignant neoplasm of larynx (diagnosis), malignant neoplasm of larynx, malignant laryngeal neoplasm, Laryngeal cancer NOS, Larynx cancer, Larynx neoplasm malignant, Cancer, Laryngeal, Cancers, Laryngeal, Laryngeal Cancer, Laryngeal Cancers, Cancer of the Larynx, Cancers, Larynx, Larynx Cancer, Larynx Cancers, malignant tumor of larynx, cancer of larynx, Malignant neo larynx NOS, cancer laryngeal, ca larynx, cancer of the larynx, cancer larynx, of larynx cancer, Cancer, Larynx, Laryngeal neoplasms malignant, laryngeal cancer (diagnosis), laryngeal cancer, Malignant neoplasm of larynx NOS (disorder), Ca larynx - NOS (disorder), Larynx--Cancer, CA - Cancer of larynx, Cancer of larynx, Laryngeal cancer, Malignant tumor of larynx, Malignant tumour of larynx, Malignant tumor of larynx (disorder), larynx cancer, Malignant neoplasm of larynx, NOS, Malignant neoplasm of larynx, Malignant Laryngeal Neoplasm, Malignant Laryngeal Tumor, Malignant Larynx Neoplasm, Malignant Larynx Tumor, Malignant Neoplasm of Larynx, Malignant Neoplasm of the Larynx, Malignant Tumor of Larynx, Malignant Tumor of the Larynx, Cancer of Larynx, Neoplasm malig;larynx, malignant neosplasm of the larynx |
| Italian | Tumori maligni della laringe, Tumore maligno della laringe, Cancro della laringe NAS, Tumore maligno della laringe, non specificata, Tumore della laringe, Tumore laringeo, Cancro della laringe, Cancro laringeo |
| Dutch | maligne neoplasma van de larynx, niet-gespecificeerd, larynxkanker NAO, maligne neoplasma van de larynx, larynxneoplasma maligne, larynxkanker, Maligne neoplasma van larynx, niet gespecificeerd, laryngeale kanker, laryngeale neoplasmata maligne, Maligne neoplasma van larynx, Larynxkanker, TTumor van de larynx |
| French | Tumeur laryngée maligne, Tumeur maligne du larynx, non précisée, Cancer du larynx SAI, Cancer du larynx, TUMEUR MALIGNE DU LARYNX, Tumeurs laryngées malignes, Cancer laryngé, Tumeur maligne du larynx, Tumeur maligne laryngée |
| German | boesartige Neubildung des Larynx, boesartige Neubildung des Larynx, unspezifisch, Karzinom des Kehlkopfes NNB, Neubildung des Larynx boesartig, Larynxkrebs, Boesartige Neubildung des Larynx, Boesartige Neubildung: Larynx, nicht naeher bezeichnet, KEHLKOPFTUMOR BOESARTIG, Neubildungen des Kehlkopfs boesartig, Kehlkopfkrebs, Krebs des Larynx |
| Portuguese | Cancro da laringe NE, Neoplasia maligna da laringe, Neoplasia maligna da laringe NE, Cancro da laringe, Câncer da Laringe, NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DA LARINGE, Neoplasias malignas da laringe, Cancro laríngeo, Câncer Laríngeo |
| Spanish | Neoplasia maligna de laringe, Cáncer laringeo NEOM, Neoplasia maligna de laringe, no especificada, Cáncer de laringe, Cáncer de Laringe, NEOPLASIA DE LARINGE MALIGNA, neoplasia maligna de la laringe, neoplasia maligna de laringe, SAI (trastorno), cáncer de laringe, SAI (trastorno), neoplasia maligna de la laringe (trastorno), Ca larynx - NOS, cáncer de laringe, SAI, neoplasia maligna de laringe, SAI, cáncer de laringe, tumor maligno de la laringe (trastorno), tumor maligno de la laringe, Cáncer laríngeo, Neoplasias malignas laríngeas, Cáncer Laríngeo |
| Japanese | 喉頭悪性新生物, 喉頭癌ＮＯＳ, 喉頭悪性新生物、部位不明, 喉頭癌, 悪性喉頭新生物, ｱｸｾｲｺｳﾄｳｼﾝｾｲﾌﾞﾂ, ｺｳﾄｳｶﾞﾝNOS, ｺｳﾄｳｱｸｾｲｼﾝｾｲﾌﾞﾂ, ｺｳﾄｳｶﾞﾝ, ｺｳﾄｳｱｸｾｲｼﾝｾｲﾌﾞﾂﾌﾞｲﾌﾒｲ |
| Czech | Maligní nádorové onemocnění laryngu NOS, Maligní novotvar hrtanu, Novotvary laryngu maligní, Maligní nádorové onemocnění hrtanu, Maligní novotvar laryngu, Blíže neurčený maligní novotvar laryngu, Maligní nádorové onemocnění laryngu, rakovina hrtanu, larynx - rakovina, rakovina laryngu, hrtan - rakovina |
| Korean | 상세불명의 후두의 악성신생물, 후두의 악성신생물 |
| Hungarian | Rosszindulatú gégeneoplasia, Gége, nem meghatározott malignus neoplasiája, Malignus gégedaganatok, Gége neoplasmák, rosszindulatú, Gégerák, Gége rák, Gége rák k.m.n. |
| Norwegian | Strupekreft, Larynxkreft |
Ontology: Laryngeal neoplasm (C0023055)
| Definition (MSHCZE) | Karcinom nebo nádory hrtanu (LARYNX), či jakékoli jeho části: GLOTTIS, EPIGLOTIS, LARYNGÁLNÍ CHRUPAVKA, LARYNGÁLNÍ SVALY a HLASIVKY. |
| Definition (NCI) | A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the larynx. |
| Definition (CSP) | new abnormal laryngeal tissue that grows by excessive cellular division and proliferation more rapidly than normal and continues to grow after the stimuli that initiated the new growth cease; includes cancers or tumors of the larynx or any of its parts, the glottis, epiglottis, laryngeal cartilages, laryngeal muscles, and vocal cords. |
| Definition (MSH) | Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS. |
| Concepts | Neoplastic Process (T191) |
| MSH | D007822 |
| SnomedCT | 126692004 |
| English | Laryngeal Neoplasms, Neoplasm, Laryngeal, Neoplasms, Laryngeal, larynx neoplasm, LARYNGEAL NEOPL, NEOPL LARYNGEAL, LARYNX NEOPL, neoplasm of larynx, neoplasm of larynx (diagnosis), Laryngeal neoplasia, Laryngeal neoplasm NOS, Neoplasm larynx, Larynx Neoplasms, Neoplasm, Larynx, Neoplasms, Larynx, Laryngeal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding], laryngeal neoplasia, larynx tumor, laryngeal neoplasms, neoplasms larynx, larynx tumors, neoplasm larynx, tumor larynx, tumor of larynx, laryngeal neoplasm, Larynx--Tumors, Tumor of larynx, Tumour of larynx, Neoplasm of larynx (disorder), Neoplasm of larynx, Laryngeal Neoplasm, Larynx Neoplasm, Laryngeal Tumor, Larynx Tumor, Neoplasm of Larynx, Neoplasm of the Larynx, Tumor of Larynx, Tumor of the Larynx, Laryngeal neoplasm |
| Italian | Tumore della laringe, Tumore della laringe NAS, Neoplasia della laringe, Neoplasie laringee, Neoplasie della laringe |
| Dutch | neoplasma larynx, larynxneoplasie, larynxneoplasma NAO, larynxneoplasma, Gezwel, larynx-, Gezwellen, larynx-, Larynxgezwel, Larynxgezwellen, Larynxtumor |
| French | Tumeur du larynx SAI, Néoplasie laryngée, Tumeur laryngée, Tumeurs du larynx, Tumeurs laryngées |
| German | laryngeale Neoplasie, Neubildung des Kehlkopfs NNB, Neubildung der Larynx, Neubildung des Kehlkopfes, Kehlkopftumoren, Larynxtumoren |
| Portuguese | Neoplasia da laringe, Neoplasia da laringe NE, Tumor laríngeo, Neoplasias da Laringe, Neoplasias Laríngeas |
| Spanish | Neoplasia laríngea NEOM, Neoplasia de laringe, neoplasia de la laringe (trastorno), neoplasia de la laringe, Neoplasia laríngea, Neoplasias Laríngeas, Neoplasias de la Laringe |
| Japanese | 喉頭新生物, 喉頭新生物ＮＯＳ, ｺｳﾄｳｼﾝｾｲﾌﾞﾂ, ｺｳﾄｳｼﾝｾｲﾌﾞﾂNOS, 喉頭腫瘍 |
| Swedish | Struphuvudtumörer |
| Finnish | Kurkunpään kasvaimet |
| Russian | GORTANI NOVOOBRAZOVANIIA, ГОРТАНИ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯ |
| Czech | Novotvar hrtanu, Novotvar laryngu, Novotvar laryngu NOS, Neoplazie hrtanu, nádory hrtanu, nádory laryngu, laryngeální nádory, larynx - nádory |
| Croatian | LARINGEALNI TUMORI |
| Polish | Nowotwory krtani |
| Hungarian | Gége daganata, Gége neoplasia, Gégedaganat, Gége neoplasia k.m.n. |
| Norwegian | Strupeneoplasmer, Larynxsvulster, Strupetumorer, Strupesvulster, Larynxneoplasmer, Larynxtumorer |
Ontology: Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (C0280324)
| Definition (NCI) | A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the larynx. It is the most common histologic type of laryngeal carcinoma. It can arise from the glottis, supraglottic area, or it can be transglottic. Glottic squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent laryngeal carcinoma in the United States. The symptoms, clinical behavior and the prognosis depend on the site of origin within the larynx. |
| Concepts | Neoplastic Process (T191) |
| SnomedCT | 405822008 |
| English | squamous cell carcinoma of larynx, squamous cell carcinoma of larynx (diagnosis), squamous cell carcinoma larynx, carcinoma cell larynx squamous, Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx (disorder), Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma, laryngeal, larynx squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal, Epidermoid Carcinoma of Larynx, Epidermoid Carcinoma of the Larynx, Laryngeal Epidermoid Carcinoma, Larynx Epidermoid Carcinoma, Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Larynx, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx, Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| Czech | Dlaždicobuněčný karcinom hrtanu |
| Dutch | larynx squameuscelcarcinoom |
| French | Carcinome épidermoïde laryngé |
| German | Plattenepithelkarzinom des Larynx |
| Hungarian | Gége squamosus-sejtes carcinomája |
| Italian | Carcinoma a cellule squamose della laringe |
| Japanese | 喉頭扁平上皮癌, ｺｳﾄｳﾍﾝﾍﾟｲｼﾞｮｳﾋｶﾞﾝ |
| Portuguese | Carcinoma pavimentocelular da laringe |
| Spanish | Carcinoma laríngeo de células escamosas, carcinoma de células escamosas de laringe (trastorno), carcinoma de células escamosas de laringe, carcinoma espinocelular de laringe |
