II. Pathophysiology
- Congenital remnant of Branchial Cleft
- Branchial Clefts embyogenesis
- Composed of 5 paired arches in lateral foregut wall
- Arches are separated by clefts
- Clefts usually obliterated with development
III. Types
- First Branchial Cleft
- Associations
- External auditory canal
- Parotid Gland
- Associations
- Second Branchial Cleft
- Third Branchial Cleft
- Associations
- Pyriform Sinus
- Location
- Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid Muscle
- Course
- Posterior to common Carotid Artery
- Opens in Pyriform sinus
- Associations
IV. Signs
- Lateral Neck Mass in distribution as above
- Most common at anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
- Sinus communicates fully between skin and airway
- May present with infection
V. Complications
- Secondary infection with neck abscess
- Branchial Cleft Cyst wall carcinoma (rare)
VI. Differential Diagnosis
- See Neck Masses in Children
- See Neck Masses in Adults
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tonsil or Tongue base
VII. Radiology
- CT Neck
- Fistulogram
VIII. Management
- Surgical Excision of cyst and sinus tract
IX. References
- Noble (2001) Primary Care, Mosby, p. 1772
- Townsend (2001) Sabiston Surgery, Saunders, p. 547
- Hong (1999) J Laryngol Otol 113(11):1031-3 [PubMed]
- Mandell (2000) Otolaryngol Clin North Am 33(6):1309-32 [PubMed]
- Palacios (2001) Ear Nose Throat J 80(5):302 [PubMed]
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (MSH) | A tumor derived from branchial epithelium or branchial rests. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D001935 |
| ICD9 | 744.42 |
| SnomedCT | 42362005, 59857007 |
| English | Branchial Cyst, Branchioma, Branchiomas, Cysts, Branchial, Branchial Cleft Cyst, Branchial Cleft Cysts, Cleft Cyst, Branchial, Cleft Cysts, Branchial, Cyst, Branchial, Cyst, Branchial Cleft, Cysts, Branchial Cleft, Branchial cleft cysts, BRANCHIAL CYSTS, branchial cyst, branchial cyst (diagnosis), Branchioma [Disease/Finding], branchial cleft cyst, Cyst;branchial, cyst branchial cleft, branchial cysts, branchial cleft cysts, Branchial Cysts, Branchial cleft cyst, Branchial cyst, Cyst of branchial cleft, Branchial cleft cyst (disorder), Branchioma (morphologic abnormality), branchial cleft; cyst, cyst; branchial cleft, Cyst of Branchial Cleft, Cyst of the Branchial Cleft |
| French | Branchiome, Kyste branchial, Kyste de la fente branchiale, Kystes branchiaux |
| Swedish | Brankiom |
| Japanese | ｻｲｾｲﾉｳﾎｳ, 鰓管嚢胞, 鰓腫, 鰓裂嚢腫, ｻｲﾚﾂﾉｳｼｭ, リンパ上皮性嚢胞, 側頸嚢胞, 側頸嚢胞腫, 鰓原性嚢胞, 鰓嚢胞, 鰓嚢腫, 鰓性のう胞, 鰓性嚢胞, 鰓性嚢腫, 鰓溝嚢胞, 鰓裂嚢胞 |
| Czech | branchiom, Branchiální cysta, cysta branchiální štěrbiny, branchiální cysta, Cysta branchiální štěrbiny |
| Finnish | Brankiooma |
| Italian | Cisti della fessura branchiale, Cisti branchiale, Cisti brachiale bifida, Epitelioma branchiale |
| Russian | BRANKHIOMA, KISTA SHEI BOKOVAIA, ZHABERNAIA KISTA, БРАНХИОМА, ЖАБЕРНАЯ КИСТА, КИСТА ШЕИ БОКОВАЯ |
| Polish | Torbiel skrzelopochodna, Torbiel boczna szyi |
| Hungarian | Branchialis cysta, Branchialis hasadék cysta |
| Dutch | kieuwspleetcyste, cyste; kieuwspleet, kieuwspleet; cyste, kieuwachtige cyste, Branchiogene cyste, Branchiogene tumor, Branchioom, Kieuwspleetcyste |
| German | Kiemengangzyste, branchiogene Zyste, Branchiogene Zyste, Branchiom, Kiemengangszyste |
| Portuguese | Quisto de fenda branquial, Quisto branquial, Branquioma, Cisto Branquial, Cisto de Fenda Branquial |
| Spanish | Quiste de la hendidura branquial, branquioma (anomalía morfológica), branquioma, quiste branquial, quiste de la hendidura branquial (trastorno), quiste de la hendidura branquial, Quiste branquial, Branquioma, Quiste Branquial Fisurado, Quiste Branquial |
| Norwegian | Brankiom, Lateral halscyste |
Ontology: Sinus of branchial cleft (disorder) (C0266624)
| Concepts | Congenital Abnormality (T019) , Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| SnomedCT | 204264005, 7445000, 253259008 |
| Italian | Seno branchiale |
| English | Sinus of branchial cleft (disorder), branchial cleft sinus, branchial vestiges, branchial cleft sinus (diagnosis), Branchial cleft sinus (disorder), Branchial cleft sinus, Sinus of branchial cleft, branchial; sinus, sinus; branchial, Branchial cleft sinus (disorder) [Ambiguous], Branchial sinus |
| Japanese | 鰓裂洞, ｻｲﾚﾂﾄﾞｳ |
| Czech | Sinus branchiální štěrbiny |
| Hungarian | Branchialis hasadék sinus |
| Spanish | seno hendido branquial, seno hendido branquial (trastorno), seno de fístula branquial (trastorno), seno de fístula branquial, seno hendido branquial (concepto no activo), Seno de la hendidura branquial |
| Dutch | branchiaal; sinus, sinus; branchiaal, kieuwspleetsinus |
| Portuguese | Seio de fenda branquial |
| French | Sinus de la fente branchiale |
| German | Kiemengangfistel |
Ontology: Branchial Clefts (C1280559)
| Concepts | Embryonic Structure (T018) |
| MSH | D001934 |
| SnomedCT | 204264005, 258032009, 68959004 |
| English | Clefts, Branchial, Branchial Cleft, Cleft, Branchial, Branchial Clefts, Pharyngeal Grooves, Groove, Pharyngeal, Pharyngeal Clefts, Branchial Grooves, Grooves, Pharyngeal, Clefts, Pharyngeal, Branchial Groove, Groove, Branchial, Grooves, Branchial, Cleft, Pharyngeal, Pharyngeal Cleft, branchial cleft, branchial clefting, branchial clefts, Branchial cleft, branchial; cleft, cleft; branchial, Branchial cleft, NOS, Branchial cleft (body structure), Branchial cleft (morphologic abnormality), Pharyngeal Groove |
| Spanish | hendidura branquial (estructura corporal), Hendidura Branquial, hendidura branquial, hendidura branquial (anomalía morfológica) |
| Portuguese | Fendas Branquiais |
| French | Fentes branchiales, Fentes pharyngiennes |
| German | Kiemenspalten |
| Norwegian | Gjellespalter, Svelgspalter |
| Italian | Fessure branchiali, Tasche branchiali |
| Dutch | branchiale structuur; gespleten, gespleten; branchiale structuur |
