II. Epidemiology

  1. Smoking is the top cause of preventable death in U.S.
    1. Dwarfs Alcohol and Drug Abuse deaths and HIV combined
  2. Mortality in the United States
    1. Deaths per year: 434,000
    2. Deaths per day: >1000
  3. Prevalence of smoking in United States
    1. Overall adults: 25% (47 Million smoking)
    2. Ages 18-24 years: 33%
  4. Medical costs of Tobacco Abuse
    1. Direct: $50 billion
    2. Indirect: may approach additional $50 billion

III. Risk Factors

  1. Lower socioeconomic groups
  2. Lower education Levels
  3. Adult smokers begin in adolescence (95% before age 20)

IV. Complications: Tobacco Abuse in Pregnancy

  1. Low Birth Weight Infant
  2. High Carbon Monoxide load for fetus
  3. High Hematocrit for fetus

V. Labs

  1. Spirometry in 10 pack year smokers over age 40
    1. Evaluate for COPD
  2. References
    1. Zielinski (2001) Chest 119:731-6 [PubMed]

VI. Adverse Effects

VIII. Resources

  1. CDC Tobacco Page
    1. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco

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