II. Background
- See Iron Supplementation for pediatric requirements
- Typical iron adult intake: 15-18 g/day
- Typical iron absorption: 1.5 to 1.8 mg/day
- Only 5-10% of Dietary Iron is typically absorbed
- Absorption may increase to 15-50% in Iron Deficiency
III. Indications
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Increased requirements in menstruating women
IV. Complications
- Excessive iron intake may result in Hemochromatosis
V. Preparations: Sources
-
Heme-Iron (Better absorption by 2-3 fold)
- Liver
- Red meats
- Cooked beef (3 oz): 2.5 mg elemental iron
- Poultry
- Turkey or chicken (3 oz dark meat): 1.1 to 2.0 mg elemental iron
- Fish
- Non-Heme Iron
- Soybeans (0.5 cups cooked): 4.4 mg elemental iron
- Lentils (0.5 cups cooked): 3.3 mg elemental iron
- Spinach (0.5 cups cooked): 3.2 mg elemental iron
- Beans (0.5 cups cooked Kidney, lima, navy pinto): 1.8 to 2.2 elemental iron
- Apricots
- Peaches
- Prunes
- Apples
- Grapes
- Raisins
- Eggs
- Iron fortified foods
- Fortified breakfast cereals: 18 mg elemental iron per serving
- Baby Foods
- Brown rice cereal or oatmeal cereal (1 tbsp dry): 1.6 to 1.8 mg elemental iron
- Green Beans (6 oz): 1.8 mg elemental iron
- Lamb or Chicken: 1.2 mg in 2.5 oz baby food
- Peas (3.4 oz): 0.9 mg elemental iron
VI. Food Interactions
- See Iron Supplementation
- Enhancers of iron absorption
- Heme iron (see above)
- Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
- Inhibitors of iron absorption
- Polyphenol (in vegetables)
- Tannins (in tea)
- Phytate (in bran, cereal)
- Calcium (dairy products)
- Antacids (eg. Proton Pump Inhibitors, Maalox, Zantac)