II. Definition
- Newborn Hearing Screening
III. Types: Screening
- Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)
- Tests auditory path from ear canal to low Brainstem
- Headphones on newborn's ears emit soft clicks
- Forehead,neck electrodes measure brain wave response
- Computer interpretation results in pass or fail/refer
- Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE or TEOAE)
IV. Epidemiology: Incidence of Newborn SNHL in United States
- Incidence: 5000 infants per year in U.S.
- Prevalence: 1 to 3 per 1,000 U.S. newborns
V. Protocol: Initial Testing
- Test all newborns meeting testing criteria
- See Indications below
- Thirty states in U.S. require universal screening
- Two-stage testing at birth hospitalization
- ABR or OAE repeated twice
- Repeat failed tests 2 to 8 weeks after initial testing
VI. Protocol: Subsequent Testing
- Low-risk children: Hearing screening pre-kindergarten
- High-risk children (See Risk Factors below)
- Repeat Hearing Testing every 6 months until age 3
VII. Efficacy: ABR or OAE
- Test Sensitivity: 84%
- Test Specificity: 90%
VIII. Indications for ABR or OAE testing
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admission for 2 days
- Family History of Hearing Loss
- Hyperbilirubinemia requiring Exchange Transfusion in Newborns
- Birth Weight <1500 grams
- Bacterial Meningitis
- Severe perinatal distress
- Low APGAR Scores
- Perinatal Seizures
- Congenital infections
- Anatomic abnormalities of the head, ear, or Palate
- Iris heterochromia
- Ear or auricle malformation (e.g. Skin Tag, dimple)
- Cleft Lip or Palate
- Tympanic Membrane abnormality
- Asymmetric facial features
- Microcephaly
- Syndrome associated with Hearing Loss
- Usher's Syndrome
- Waardenburg's Syndrome (Hypertelorism, pigmentation)
- Down Syndrome
- Neurodegenerative Disorder (e.g. Hunter syndrome)
- Demyelinating disease (e.g. Charcot-Marie-Tooth)
- Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension
-
Ototoxic Medication exposure
- Prolonged Diuretics with Lasix
- Excessive Aminoglycoside (e.g. Gentamicin) exposure
- Prolonged use >5 days or elevated serum levels
- Combined with Lasix for more than 5 days
- Excessive Vancomycin exposure
- Prolonged use or elevated serum levels
- Hyperventilation to pH >7.55 for more than 12 hours
- Clinical suspicion of Hearing Loss
- Maternal Cocaine Abuse or Alcohol Abuse
IX. Resources
- USPSTF Guide to Clinical Preventive Task Force
- National Center on Birth Defects
- National Institute on Deafness
- National Dissemination Center Children with Disability
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Concepts | Diagnostic Procedure (T060) |
| ICD10 | 96173-00 |
| SnomedCT | 171934002, 252616000 |
| English | ABR-Aud brainstem resp audiom, Aud brainstem elec resp audiom, BSER-Brainst elec resp audiom, BSER-Brainst evok resp audiom, BSERA-Brainst evok resp audgrm, Electric auditory brainstem response audiometry, ABR - Auditory brainstem response audiometry, Auditory brainstem electric response audiometry, BSER - Brainstem electric response audiometry, BSER - Brainstem evoked response audiometry, BSERA - Brainstem evoked response audiogram, Auditory brainstem electric response audiometry (procedure) |
| Spanish | audiometría de respuesta eléctrica del tronco encefálico (procedimiento), audiometría de respuesta eléctrica del tronco encefálico |
Ontology: Oto-acoustic emission test (C0430673)
| Concepts | Diagnostic Procedure (T060) |
| SnomedCT | 252623004 |
| English | OAE-Otoacoustic emission test, Oto-acoustic emission test, OAE - Oto-acoustic emission test, Oto-acoustic emission test (procedure), Otoacoustic emissions test |
| Italian | Test otoacustico di emissioni |
| Japanese | 耳音響放射検査, ｼﾞｵﾝｷｮｳﾎｳｼｬｹﾝｻ |
| Czech | Test otoakustické emise |
| Hungarian | Otoakusztikus emmisszió viszgálat |
| Spanish | prueba de emisión otoacústica (procedimiento), prueba de emisión otoacústica, Audiometría tonal |
| Dutch | oto-akoestische emissietest |
| French | Test d'émissions otoacoustiques |
| Portuguese | Audiometria tonal |
| German | otoakustischer Emissionstest |
Ontology: infant screening for hearing loss (C2049698)
| Concepts | Finding (T033) |
| English | infant screening for hearing loss, infant screening for hearing loss (physical finding) |
