II. Epidemiology
- Onset in infants
III. Pathophysiology
- Benign histiocytic tumor of childhood (non-Langerhans Cell)
IV. Signs
- Asymptomatic lesions
- Characteristics
- Distribution
- Most common on the head and neck
- Also involve the upper torso and extremities
-
Dermoscopy: "Setting Sun"
- Yellow-Orange background
- Foreground with yellow globules, white streaks and irregular vasculature
V. Differential Diagnosis
VI. Labs: Histopathology
- Lipid-laden, foamy histiocytes
- Scattered Eosinophils and Lymphocytes
- Touton-type giant cells
- Multinucleated cells with fused epitheloid Macrophages
VII. Course
- Lesions have onset in infancy and clear by adolescence
VIII. Management
- Solitary, Single Asymptomatic Xanthogranuloma
- Perform full body skin exam (evaluate for other associated lesions, findings)
- Observe for resolution
- Multiple Xanthogranulomas
- Abdominal Ultrasound
- Evaluate for hepatic xanthogranulomas (may present with Hepatomegaly, Jaundice)
- Ophthalmology Exam
- Evaluate for Eye involvement
- Abdominal Ultrasound