II. Epidemiology

  1. Onset in up to 20% of newborns

III. Pathophysiology

  1. Maternal androgenic Hormones stimulate Sebaceous Glands
  2. Resolves without scarring when maternal Hormones wane after 3-4 months

IV. Signs

  1. Distribution: Face
    1. T-Zone: Forehead, nose and chin
  2. Characteristics
    1. Comedones (typically closed comedones)
    2. Inflammatory Papules, Pustules and Nodules may occur

V. Differential Diagnosis

  1. Neonatal Pustules and Vessicles
  2. Hyperandrogenism (e.g. adrenal cortical hyperplasia)
    1. Consider in severe, refractory and persistent cases

VI. Management

  1. Resolves spontaneously without treatment
  2. Treatment can be used if parents wish
    1. Over the counter acne soaps (low pH)
    2. Sparing use of Benzoyl Peroxide lotion 2.5% (test first on antecubital fossa)

VII. References

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