II. Definition

  1. Loss of tooth supporting bone structure due to chronic Gingivitis

III. Epidemiology

  1. Common cause of adult tooth loss (esp. men ages 30-50 years)
  2. Diabetes Mellitus is a common cause

IV. Pathophysiology

  1. Chronic Gingivitis results in inflammation of deeper tissues around teeth
    1. Crevices between gums and teeth enlarge
    2. Pockets develop in crevices with
      1. Debris
      2. Purulent materials
  2. Consequences
    1. Loss of tooth supporting bone structure
    2. Periodontal ligament detaches from tooth

V. Types

  1. Localized Juvenile Periodontitis
    1. Onset as adolescent (ages 12 to 17 years old)
    2. Not related to Plaque
    3. Vertical alveolar bone loss
  2. Adult Periodontitis
    1. Onset after age 30 years
    2. Associated with subgingival dental Plaque

VI. Symptoms

  1. Halitosis
  2. Tooth Pain or sensitivity (esp. with eating)

VII. Signs

  1. Red, swollen gums
  2. Gum margins recede exposing roots of teeth (deep pockets may be present)
  3. Subgingival dental Plaque
  4. Friable gums that bleed easily when probed or with flossing or brushing
  5. Teeth may be loose

VIII. Management

  1. Surgical Debridement of infected or necrotic tissue by dentist or periodontist
    1. Scaling and root planing removes Plaque and tartar
  2. Mouth rinses
    1. Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.12% Rinse (Peridex)
    2. Hexetidine 0.1% Rinse (Oraldene)
  3. Systemic Antibiotics in diffuse involvement
    1. Oral: Doxycycline or Metronidazole
    2. Topical: Minocycline

IX. Complications

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Related Studies

Ontology: Periodontitis (C0031099)

Definition (MSH) Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)
Definition (CHV) a disease that attacks the gum and bone around the teeth
Definition (NCI) An acute or chronic inflammatory process that affects the tissues that surround and support the teeth.
Definition (CSP) inflammatory reaction of the tissues surrounding a tooth (periodontium), usually resulting from the extension of gingival inflammation into the periodontium.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D010518
ICD10 K05.3
SnomedCT 266491004, 155648008, 41565005
English Periodontitides, PERIODONTITIS, periodontitis, periodontitis (diagnosis), Periodontitis, Periodontitis NOS, Periodontitis [Disease/Finding], Inflammation around tooth, Periodontitis (disorder), parodontitis, Periodontitis, NOS
Portuguese PERIODONTITE, Periodontite
Spanish PERIODONTITIS, periodontitis (trastorno), periodontitis, Periodontitis
Japanese 歯周炎, シシュウエン
Swedish Tandlossning
Finnish Parodontiitti
Russian PERIODONTIT, PERITSEMENTIT, ПЕРИОДОНТИТ, ПЕРИЦЕМЕНТИТ
French PERIODONTITE, Parodontite, Périodontite, Desmodontite
German WURZELHAUTENTZUENDUNG, Parodontitis
Czech Periodontitida, parodontitida, parodontitis, periodontitida, periodontitis, zánět ozubice
Croatian Not Translated[Periodontitis]
Polish Paradontoza, Parodontopatie zapalne, Zapalenie przyzębia, Zapalenie ozębnej
Hungarian Periodontitis
Norwegian Periodontitt, Tannløsning
Dutch periodontitis, Periodontitis
Italian Periodontite

Ontology: Alveolar pyorrhea (C0034219)

Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D010510
ICD10 K05.3
SnomedCT 252283005, 12033006, 196368005
English Alveolar pyorrhea, pyorrhea alveolaris, pyorrhea alveolaris (diagnosis), Simplex periodontitis, alveolar pyorrhea, pyorrhea, pyorrhoea, alveolar periostitis, disease riggs, Pyorrhea alveolaris, Chronic suppurative pericementitis, Fauchard's disease, Marginal periodontitis, Periodontitis simplex, Riggs' disease, Simple periodontitis, Alveolar pyorrhoea, Pyorrhoea alveolaris, Marginal periodontitis (disorder), Alveolar pyorrhea (disorder), riggs' disease, Pyorrhea, Pyorrhoea, Marginal periodontitis (disorder) [Ambiguous], Pyorrhea Alveolaris, pyorrhoea alveolaris
Spanish Piorrea Alveolar, piorrea, enfermedad de Rigg, enfermedad de Fauchard, enfermedad de Riggs, pericementitis supurativa crónica, periodontitis marginal (concepto no activo), periodontitis marginal (trastorno), periodontitis marginal, periodontitis simple, piorrea alveolar (trastorno), piorrea alveolar
French Pyorrhée alvéolaire, Pyorrhée alvéolo-dentaire, Pyorrhée alvéolodentaire
German Pyorrhea alveolaris, Alveolarpyorrhoe
Italian Piorrea alveolare
Czech pyorrhea alveolaris
Portuguese Piorreia Alveolar
Dutch Pyorrhea alveolaris