II. Preparations: Non-Opioids

  1. Acetaminophen
    1. Dosing: 1000 mg orally every 6 hours prn
  2. Diphenhydramine
    1. Dosing: 25-50 mg orally, IV or IM every 4-6 hours
  3. Promethazine (Phenergan)
    1. Dosing: 25-50 mg orally or IM, 12.5 to 25 mg IV every 4-6 hours

III. Preparations: Systemic Opioids (30 minutes to 2 hours relief)

  1. Nalbuphine (Nubain)
    1. Dose: 10-20 mg IV, IM or SC every 3 hours prn
    2. Onset in 2-3 minutes with IV Nalbuphine and 15 minutes with IM or SQ dosing
  2. Morphine
    1. Active Labor: 2-4 mg IV every 2-4 hours (onset in minutes)
    2. Latent Labor: 5-10 mg IM every 4 hours (onset in 40 minutes)
  3. Butorphanol (Stadol)
    1. IV: 1-2 mg IV every 4-6 hours prn (onset in 5-10 minutes)
    2. IM: 2-4 mg every 4-6 hours prn (onset in 30-60 minutes)
  4. Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
    1. 50-100 mcg IV every hour prn (onset in minutes)
  5. Consider Patient Controlled Analgesia
    1. Fentanyl
    2. Alfenta
    3. Remifentanil (Ultiva)
      1. Rapid and predictable elimination with less neonatal sedation
      2. May be associated with greater Pruritus and maternal sedation than with other Opioids
      3. Background infusion: 0.05 to 0.1 mcg/kg
      4. Bolus: 0.2 to 0.5 mcg/kg
      5. Lockout: 2-3 minutes
    4. Nitrous Oxide (50/50 mix with oxygen)
      1. Adverse effects include Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness
      2. Onset is rapid with mask application, and clears rapidly with mask removal
      3. Klomp (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev (9): CD009351 [PubMed]

IV. Preparations: Spinal Anesthesia or Neuraxial Anesthesia (3-6 hours relief)

V. Preparations: Regional Labor Anesthesia

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Ontology: Anesthesia, Obstetrical (C0002922)

Definition (CSP) state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation caused by anesthetics; depression of nerve function is induced to decrease pain during labor and childbirth.
Concepts Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061)
MSH D000773
CPT 1003124
English Anesthesia, Obstetric, Anesthesia, Obstetrical, Obstetric Anesthesia, Obstetrical Anesthesia, anesthesia for obstetrics, anesthesia obstetrics, obstetrics anesthesia, anesthesia in obstetrics, anesthesia obstetric, obstetric anesthesia, obstetrical anesthesia, Anesthesia for Obstetric Procedures, Anesthesia in obstetrics
Swedish Bedövning vid förlossning
Czech anestézie porodnická
Finnish Synnytysanestesia
Russian ANESTEZIIA V AKUSHERSTVE, ANESTEZIIA AKUSHERSKAIA, АНЕСТЕЗИЯ АКУШЕРСКАЯ, АНЕСТЕЗИЯ В АКУШЕРСТВЕ
Japanese 産科麻酔, 産科麻酔法, 麻酔-産科
Croatian ANESTEZIJA U PORODILJSTVU
Polish Znieczulenie w położnictwie
Norwegian Fødselsanestesi, Bedøvelse ved fødsel, Obstetrisk anestesi
French Anesthésie obstétricale
German Anästhesie, geburtshilfliche
Italian Anestesia in ostetricia
Dutch Anesthesie, obstetrische, Obstetrische anesthesie
Portuguese Anestesia Obstétrica
Spanish Anestesia Obstétrica