III. Definitions
IV. Mechanism
- Electrophoresis may be used in advance of precipitation (Immunoelectrophoresis)
- See Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP)
- Separates Proteins via gel electrophoresis
- Proteins are then selectively used in precipitation testing
- Precipitates specific Antigen or Antibody (precipitan) with its corresponding Antibody or Antigen
- Performed in test tube (e.g. cellulose acetate) or on agarose or agar diffusion plate
- Antibody-Antigen Precipitant becomes measurable within medium
- Agar Gel Immunodiffusion
- Double immunodiffusion (e.g. Ouchterlony Qualitative Immunodiffusion)
- Radial Immunodiffusion (e.g. Mancini method)
- Electroimmunodiffusion
- Test Tube Precipitant in Solution (Quantified by spectrophotometer techniques)
- Immunoturbidimetry (absorption of light by precipitant is measured)
- Immunonephelometry (reflection of light by precipitant is measured)
V. Disadvantages
- Lower Test Sensitivity compared with Agglutination Tests
VI. Resources
- Immunoprecipitation (Wikipedia)
VII. References
- Deshmukh (2019) Eur J Pharm Med Res 7(2):214-16
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Definition (MSH) | Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction. |
Definition (CSP) | technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction. |
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
MSH | D005779 |
SnomedCT | 32623009 |
CPT | 1011937 |
English | Diffusion Test, Gel, Diffusion Tests, Gel, Gel Diffusion Test, Gel Diffusion Tests, Immunodiffusion, Immunodiffusions, Test, Gel Diffusion, Tests, Gel Diffusion, Immunodiffusion measurement, immunodiffusion, ID measurement, Immunodiffusion measurement (procedure), Immunodiffusion measurement, NOS |
Swedish | Immundiffusion |
Czech | gelové difuzní testy, imunodifuze |
Finnish | Immunodiffuusio |
French | Immunodiffusion, Tests d'immunodiffusion en gélose, Tests d'immuno-diffusion en gélose, Immuno-diffusion, Tests d'immunodiffusion sur gélose, Tests d'immuno-diffusion sur gélose |
German | Gel-Diffusions-Tests, Immundiffusion |
Russian | GEL', DIFFUZIONNYE TESTY, IMMUNODIFFUZIIA, ГЕЛЬ, ДИФФУЗИОННЫЕ ТЕСТЫ, ИММУНОДИФФУЗИЯ |
Italian | Test di immunodiffusione su gel, Immunodiffusione |
Croatian | Not Translated[Immunodiffusion] |
Polish | Immunodyfuzja, Próby dyfuzyjne w żelu |
Japanese | 免疫拡散法, ゲル内拡散試験, ゲル内拡散テスト, 免疫拡散 |
Norwegian | Immundiffusjon, Geldiffusjonstester |
Spanish | medición de ID, medición de inmunodifusión (procedimiento), medición de inmunodifusión, Inmunodifusión, Tests de Difusión en Gel |
Dutch | Geldiffusietest, Immunodiffusie |
Portuguese | Imunodifusão, Testes de Difusão em Gel |
Ontology: immunoelectrophoresis (C0020997)
Definition (HL7V3.0) | <p>Electrophoresis, Immuno</p> |
Definition (MSH) | A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera. |
Definition (CSP) | technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion: in this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis, then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies; a distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera. |
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
MSH | D007122 |
SnomedCT | 165993000, 143378004, 143381009, 25884002, 69599001 |
CPT | 1011933 |
HL7 | 0067 |
LNC | LP6335-6 |
English | Immunoelectrophoresis, Immunoelectrophoresis NOS, iep, immunoelectrophoresis (IEP), Immunoelectrophoresis NOS (procedure), IEP, Immunoelectrophoresis (procedure), Immunoelectrophoresis, NOS, immunoelectrophoresis |
Japanese | 免疫電気泳動, メンエキデンキエイドウ |
Swedish | Immunelektrofores |
Czech | imunoelektroforéza, Imunoelektroforéza |
Finnish | Immunoelektroforeesi |
Russian | IMMUNOELEKTROFOREZ, ИММУНОЭЛЕКТРОФОРЕЗ |
French | Immuno-électrophorèse, Immunoélectrophorèse |
Croatian | IMUNOELEKTROFOREZA |
Polish | Immunoelektroforeza |
Hungarian | Immunelektroforézis |
Norwegian | Immunelektroforese |
Spanish | inmunoelectroforesis, SAI, inmunoelectroforesis, SAI (procedimiento), Immunoelectrophoresis NOS, IEF, SAI, inmunoelectroforesis (procedimiento), inmunoelectroforesis, Inmunoelectroforesis |
Portuguese | Imunoelectroforese, Imunoeletroforese |
Dutch | immuno-elektroforese, Elektroforese, immuno-, Immuno-elektroforese |
German | Immunelektrophorese |
Italian | Immunoelettroforesi |
Ontology: Immunoprecipitation (C0021069)
Definition (HL7V3.0) | <p>Precipitation, Immune precipitation</p> |
Definition (NCI_CDISC) | Antigen aggregation with antibody, in the right ratios, to cause precipitation. (NCI) |
Definition (NCI) | Antigen aggregation with antibody, in the right ratios, to cause precipitation. |
Definition (MSH) | The aggregation of soluble ANTIGENS with ANTIBODIES, alone or with antibody binding factors such as ANTI-ANTIBODIES or STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A, into complexes large enough to fall out of solution. |
Definition (CSP) | serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible precipitation occurs when a soluble antigen reacts with its antibody. |
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
MSH | D047468 |
HL7 | 0140 |
Swedish | Immunprecipitation |
Czech | imunoprecipitace |
Finnish | Immuunisaostus |
Russian | IMMUNOPRETSIPITATSIIA, ИММУНОПРЕЦИПИТАЦИЯ |
Japanese | 免疫沈降法, 免疫沈降反応, 免疫沈降 |
Croatian | Not Translated[Immunoprecipitation] |
English | immunoprecipitation, IMMUNOPRECIPITATION, Immune Precipitations, Immune Precipitation, Precipitation, Immune, Precipitations, Immune, IP, Immunoprecipitation, Immune precipitation |
Polish | Immunoprecypitacja |
Norwegian | Immunopresipitering, Immunpresipitasjon, Immunpresipitering |
French | Immuno-précipitation, Immunoprécipitation |
German | Immunpräzipitation, Immunopräzipitation |
Italian | Immunoprecipitazione |
Dutch | Immunoprecipitatie, Precipitatie, immuno- |
Portuguese | Imunoprecipitação |
Spanish | Inmunoprecipitación |
Ontology: Immunologic Precipitation (C0032932)
Concepts | Molecular Function (T044) |
SnomedCT | 21738005 |
English | Precipitation, function, Immunologic Precipitation, precipitation, Precipitation, Precipitation, function (observable entity), Precipitation (function) |
Spanish | precipitación (entidad observable), precipitación (función), precipitación |
Ontology: Immunodiffusion, qualitative by Ouchterlony technique (C0201715)
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
SnomedCT | 23828004 |
English | Immunodiffusion, qualitative by Ouchterlony technique, Immunodiffusion, qualitative by Ouchterlony technique (procedure) |
Spanish | inmunodifusión cualitativa por técnica de Ouchterlony (procedimiento), inmunodifusión cualitativa por técnica de Ouchterlony |
Ontology: Radial immunodiffusion measurement (C0201717)
Definition (HL7V3.0) | <p>Radial Immunodiffusion</p> |
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
SnomedCT | 20191000 |
HL7 | 0252 |
English | Radial immunodiffusion measurement, RID measurement, Radial immunodiffusion measurement (procedure), Radial immunodiffusion (RID) |
Spanish | medición de RID, medición de inmunodifusión radial (procedimiento), medición de inmunodifusión radial |
Ontology: Immunoturbidimetry (C3829558)
Definition (NCI_CDISC) | A method that measures the absorbance of light from a sample which is used for quantifying an amount of analyte based on the level of turbidity produced by the formation and precipitation of an immune complex containing the analyte. (NCI) |
Definition (NCI) | A method that measures the absorbance of light from a sample which is used for quantifying an amount of analyte based on the level of turbidity produced by the formation and precipitation of an immune complex containing the analyte. |
Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
English | IMMUNOTURBIDIMETRY, Immunoturbidimetry |