II. Indications
- Use with contraceptive barrier methods
III. Preparations
- Nonoxynol-9 (Gynol II)
- Shortens Condom shelf life and is more costly
- Highest concentration (150 mg) is most efficacious
- Failure rate is still 14% at 150 mg
- Overall failure rate for all concentrations: 22%
- Raymond (2004) Obstet Gynecol 103:430-9 [PubMed]
- Do not use for STD protection
- References
- Apgar (2003) AAFP Board Review, Seattle
- Octoxynol-9
- Benzalkonium
- Phexxi
- Contains Lactic Acid, citric acid and Potassium bitartrate
- Marketed as a "vaginal contraceptive gel" but it is simply a Spermicide
- No more effective than other barrier methods (14% will become pregnant in 7 months)
- Very expensive ($270 per 12 applicators)
- One applicator intravaginally up to 1 hour before intercourse and must be reapplied for each episode
- Does not protect against STDs (use Condoms)
- (2020) presc lett 27(9): 52
- Homemade Spermicide (anecdotal with unproven efficacy)
- Aloe Vera Gel: 1 Tablespoon
- Lemon juice: 3 drops
- Keep refrigerated for no longer than 72 hours
- Reference
- Summerhayes (1999) CMEA Women's Health, San Diego
- Oyelola (1987) Contraception 36(4):435-40 [PubMed]
IV. Mechanism
- Spermicide attacks sperm acrosomal membranes
- Breakdown of membranes immobilizes sperm
- Spermicide delivered in base to adhere to Cervix
V. Efficacy
- Overall Failure rate: 21% (3-31%)
VI. Technique
- Allow time for activation and well timed for sex
- Reapply Spermicide for repeat intercourse
- No douching for 6 hours post intercourse
VII. Disadvantages
- Sex may need to be interrupted to apply
- Messy or difficult to apply
- Unpleasant smell or taste
VIII. Adverse Effects
- Allergy to Spermicide in 2-4% of men and women
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| Definition (NCI) | A chemical product that is deleterious to sperms and can be in the form of either a jelly, foam, or cream. |
| Definition (MSH) | Chemical substances that are destructive to spermatozoa used as topically administered vaginal contraceptives. |
| Definition (CSP) | agent destructive to spermatozoa. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D013089 |
| SnomedCT | 425484006, 169528000, 108901002 |
| English | Agents, Spermatocidal, Agents, Spermatocidal Contraceptive, Agents, Spermicidal, Agents, Spermicidal Contraceptive, Contraceptive Agents, Spermatocidal, Contraceptive Agents, Spermicidal, Spermatocidal Contraceptive Agents, Spermicidal Agents, Spermicidal Contraceptive Agents, Drugs, Spermatocidal, Spermatocidal Drugs, Spermatocides, Spermicide, Spermicide (substance), spermaticide, Spermatocidal Agents, spermicides, spermicides (medication), spermicidal contraceptives, spermicide, spermicidal agents, Spermicidal contraceptive, Spermicidal contraceptives, Spermicides, Spermicides (product), Spermicides (substance) |
| French | Contraceptifs spermicides, Agents spermicides, Spermicides |
| Swedish | Spermiedödande medel |
| Czech | spermicidy |
| Spanish | espermicida (sustancia), espermicida, Espermicidas, Espermaticidas, Agentes Espermicidas, Agentes Espermatocidas, Espermatocidas, espermicidas (producto), espermicidas (sustancia), espermicidas |
| Finnish | Spermisidit |
| Russian | SPERMATOZOIDOV RAZRUSHAIUSHCHIE SREDSTVA, SPERMATOZOIDOV UBIVAIUSHCHIE SREDSTVA, SPERMATOTSIDNYE SREDSTVA, СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ РАЗРУШАЮЩИЕ СРЕДСТВА, СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ УБИВАЮЩИЕ СРЕДСТВА, СПЕРМАТОЦИДНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА |
| Japanese | 殺精子剤, 殺精子物質, 殺精子薬, 殺精薬 |
| Italian | Spermatocidi, Contraccettivi spermicidi, Spermicidi |
| Polish | Czynniki plemnikobójcze |
| Portuguese | Espermicidas, Espermaticidas, Agentes Espermicidas |
| Norwegian | Sæddrepende midler |
| German | Spermatozide, Spermizide Mittel |
Ontology: Nonoxynol (C0068943)
| Definition (MSH) | Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D017137 |
| SnomedCT | 326454008, 397179004 |
| English | Nonoxinols, Nonoxynols, Nonoxinol, Nonoxynol, Nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, Nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanols, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-(4-nonylphenyl)-omega-hydroxy-, Nonoxynol [Chemical/Ingredient], nonoxynol, nonoxinol, Nonoxinol (product), Nonoxynol (substance), Nonoxinol (substance), NONOXYNOL |
| Swedish | Nonoxynol |
| Czech | nonoxynol |
| Finnish | Nonoksinoli |
| French | Nonoxinol, Nonoxynol, Nonylphénoxy polyéthoxyéthanol, Nonoxynols |
| German | Nonoxinol, Nonoxynol, Nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanole |
| Russian | NONOKSINOL, NONILFENOKSIPOLIETOKSIETANOLY, НОНИЛФЕНОКСИПОЛИЭТОКСИЭТАНОЛЫ, НОНОКСИНОЛ |
| Polish | Nonoksynol, Nonylofenoksypolietoksyetanole |
| Japanese | ノニルフェノキシポリエトキシエタノール, ノノキシノール9, ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル, Cフィルム, マイルーラ, ノノキシノール |
| Norwegian | Nonoxynol |
| Spanish | nonoxinol (producto), nonoxinol (sustancia), nonoxinol, Nonilfenoxipolietoxietanoles, Nonoxinol |
| Italian | Nonossinolo |
| Portuguese | Nonilfenoxipolietoxietanóis, Nonoxinol |
