II. Background
- American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging of Bladder Cancer
III. Staging: Grouping
- Stage 0a: Ta N0 M0
- Stage 0is: Tis N0 M0
- Stage I: T1 N0 M0
- Stage II: T2a-2b N0 M0
- Stage III: T3a-4a N0 M0
- Stage IV: T4b N0-3 M0-1 (or any T if node positive or metastases present)
IV. Staging: Primary Tumor Staging: T
- T0: No tumor present
- Tis: Carcinoma in situ
- Ta: Papillary tumor with only Bladder mucosa involved
- T1: Extension into Bladder lamina propria
- T2: Invasion into Bladder superficial Muscle
- T3a: Invasion into Bladder deep Muscle
- T3b: Invasion into fat surrounding Bladder
- T4a: Regional spread into Prostate, vagina or Uterus
- T4b: Tumor fixed to pelvic or abdominal wall
- TX: Unable to assess primary tumor
V. Staging: Lymph Node Staging: N
- N0: No Lymph Node involvement found
- N1: Single unilateral regional node involvement
- N2: Contralateral or bilateral Lymph Nodes involved
- N3: Fixed mass of regional Lymph Nodes
- N4: Juxtaregional Lymph Node involvement
- NX: Unable to assess Lymph Node involvement
VI. Staging: Distant Metastatic Spread Staging: M
- MO: No distant metastasis identified
- M1: Distant metastasis found
- MX: Unable to assess metastases
VII. References
- Edge (2010) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 7th ed, New York