Sarcoma

Aka: Sarcoma, Soft Tissue Sarcoma

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II. Definitions

  1. Sarcoma
    1. Cancer arrising in mesenchymal (connective) tissue
    2. Derived from greek word "sar" meaning fleshy

III. Epidemiology

  1. Age
    1. More common in adults over age 35 years
    2. Sarcomas represent 15% of childhood malignancy (esp. in extremities)

IV. Types

  1. Soft-tissue Sarcomas
    1. Kaposi's Sarcoma
    2. Hepatic angiosarcoma
    3. Dermatofribosarcoma Protuberans
    4. Synoviosarcoma
    5. Rhabdomyosarcoma
      1. Most common Soft Tissue Sarcoma in children
    6. Leiomyosarcoma
      1. Involves Uterus in adults
      2. Involves Retroperitoneum in children
    7. Liposarcoma
      1. Rare adipose tumor (usually invades locally only)
      2. Involves deep thigh or Retroperitoneum
    8. Fibrosarcoma
      1. Most common Soft Tissue Sarcoma in age <1 year
      2. Involves deep thigh or Retroperitoneum
  2. Vascular Sarcoma
    1. Angiosarcoma
    2. Hemangioendothelioma
    3. Hemangiopericytoma
  3. Bone Tumors
    1. Ewing's Sarcoma
    2. Osteogenic Sarcoma

V. Precautions

  1. See Soft Tissue Mass for red flag findings
  2. Delayed presentation is common (often >1 month from finding a Soft Tissue Mass)
  3. Most Soft Tissue Sarcomas gradually enlarge without pain or constitutional symptoms

VI. Evaluation

  1. See Soft Tissue Mass (includes red flag findings and imaging)

VII. Prognosis

  1. Five year survival: 60% (depending on type, grading)

VIII. References

  1. Achar (2022) Am Fam Physician 105(6): 602-12 [PubMed]

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Related Studies

Related Topics in Sarcomas

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