II. Pathophysiology
- Inflammation of connective tissue under Conjunctiva
III. Causes
- Idiopathic in most cases
- Contrast with Scleritis which is often a manifestation of Connective Tissue Disease
- May be associated wth Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Allergy may underly many cases
- Uncommon other causes
IV. Symptoms
V. Signs
VI. Signs: Slit Lamp Exam
- Superficial Localized Edema over Sclera
- No Scleral thickening or other involvement
- Scleritis blanches with topical Phenylephrine 2.5% (contrast with Scleritis which does not blanch)
VII. Differential Diagnosis
VIII. Course
- Resolves spontaneously within days
IX. Management
- No treatment needed (resolves spontaneously)
- Ocular NSAID
- Differentiate from Scleritis and Uveitis, which present with severe pain, and even permanent Vision Loss
X. References
- Goldstein in Yanoff (1999) Ophthalmology, p. 13.1
- Ruddy (2001) Kelley's Rheumatology, Saunders, p. 396
- Nakla (1998) Gastroenterol Clin North Am 27:697-711 [PubMed]
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Related Studies
| Definition (NCI) | Inflammation of the thin layer of tissue lining the sclera of the eye characterized by redness in the white portion of the eye.(NICHD) |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D015423 |
| ICD10 | H15.1 |
| SnomedCT | 194139000, 155201000, 815008 |
| English | Episcleritides, EPISCLERITIS, episcleritis, episcleritis (diagnosis), Episcleritis NOS, Bulbar Conjunctivitis, Episcleritis (disorder), Episcleritis, NOS, Episcleritis |
| Portuguese | EPISCLERITE, Episclerite NE, Episclerite |
| Spanish | EPISCLERITIS, Episcleritis NEOM, Episcleritis, epiescleritis (trastorno), episcleritis (trastorno), epiescleritis, episcleritis |
| Dutch | episcleritis NAO, episcleritis, Episcleritis |
| French | Episclérite SAI, Episclérite, EPISCLERITE, Épisclérite |
| German | Episkleritis NNB, Episkleritis, EPISKLERITIS |
| Italian | Episclerite NAS, Episclerite |
| Japanese | 上強膜炎, 上強膜炎ＮＯＳ, ｼﾞｮｳｷｮｳﾏｸｴﾝNOS, ｼﾞｮｳｷｮｳﾏｸｴﾝ |
| Czech | Episkleritida NOS, Episkleritida, episkleritida |
| Korean | 상공막염 |
| Hungarian | Episcleritis, Episcleritis k.m.n. |
| Norwegian | Episkleritt |
