II. Definitions

  1. Anonychia
    1. Absent nails
  2. Chromonychia (see Nail Discoloration)
    1. Color changes of nails
  3. Koilonychia
    1. Spoon-shaped nails
  4. Onychodystrophy
    1. Degenerative changes of nail
  5. Onychogryposis
    1. Hypertrophic shape changes of nail
  6. Onycholysis
    1. Loosening or detachment of nail from nail bed
  7. Onychomadesis
    1. Spontaneous separation from nail matrix
  8. Onychomycosis
    1. Fungal infections of the nail
  9. Onychophagia
    1. Nail biting
  10. Onychoschizia
    1. Splitting, horizontal layering of distal nail edge
  11. Onychotillomania
    1. Compulsive pulling or picking of nails
  12. Paronychia
    1. Inflammation of skin around nails

IV. Findings: Growths under or around the nail

  1. Malignant Growths
    1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    2. Bowen's Disease
    3. Subungual Melanoma
  2. Benign Growths
    1. Digital Mucous Cyst
    2. Digital fibrokeratoma
    3. Exostosis
    4. Glomas tumor
    5. Keratocathoma
    6. Pyogenic Granuloma
    7. Tendon sheath giant cell tumor
    8. Periungual Wart

V. References

  1. Habif (1996) Clinical Dermatology, Mosby, p. 778-9
  2. Tully (2012) Am Fam Physician 85(8): 779-87 [PubMed]

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Related Studies

Ontology: Nail Diseases (C0027339)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Your toenails and fingernails protect the tissues of your toes and fingers. They are made up of layers of a hardened protein called keratin, which is also in your hair and skin. Your nails' health can be a clue to your overall health. Healthy nails are usually smooth and consistent in color. Specific types of nail discoloration and changes in growth rate can signal various lung, heart, kidney and liver diseases, as well as diabetes and anemia. White spots and vertical ridges are harmless.

Nail problems that sometimes require treatment include bacterial and fungal infections, ingrown nails, tumors and warts. Keeping nails clean, dry and trimmed can help you avoid some problems. Do not remove the cuticle, which can cause infection.

Definition (MSH) Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D009260
ICD9 703.9, 703
ICD10 L60.9 , L60
SnomedCT 17790008, 156401005, 267861009, 201127007
English Diseases, Nail, Diseases of nail, Unspecified disease of nail, NAIL DISORDER, Disease, Nail, Nail Disease, Nail disease NOS, Nail disorder, unspecified, NAIL DIS, Disease of nail, Disease of nail, unspecified, Disorder nail, Nail disorder NOS, Disease of nail NOS, Nail disorders, Nail Diseases [Disease/Finding], disease nail, disorders nail, nail disease, of nail disease, diseases nail, nail disorders, nails diseases, nail diseases, Disease;nail(s), diseases nails, disease nails, nails disease, disease disorders nail, diseases disorders nail, disorder nail, nail disorder, of nail diseases, diseases of the nails, disease of the nails, disease of the nails (diagnosis), non-infectious disease of nails, Diseases of nail NOS, Nail disease NOS (disorder), Nail disorder, Nail disease, disease (or disorder); nails, nail; disorder, Disease of nail, NOS, Disorder of nail, Disease of nail (disorder), Disorder of nail (disorder), Nail Diseases
Italian Patologia delle unghie, Alterazione ungueale, Patologia delle unghie NAS, Affezioni non specificate dell'unghia, Malattie ungueali, Malattie delle unghie
Dutch nagelaandoeningen, niet-gespecificeerde nagelaandoening, nagelafwijking NAO, nagelaandoening, niet-gespecificeerd, aandoening; nagels, nagel; aandoening, Nagelaandoening, niet gespecificeerd, nagelafwijking, Nagelaandoeningen, Nagelziekte, Nagelziekten, Ziekte, nagel-, Ziekten, nagel-
French Maladie des ongles non précisée, Trouble ongulaire, Affection unguéale SAI, Affection unguéale, non précisée, Affections des ongles, ANOMALIE DES ONGLES, Affections unguéales, Onychose, Trouble unguéal, Maladies des ongles, Onychopathies
German Erkrankung der Naegel, unspezifische Erkrankung der Naegel, Erkrankung Nagel, Nagelkrankheit, unspezifisch, Affektion der Naegel NNB, Krankheit der Naegel, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Krankheiten der Naegel, NAGELSTOERUNG, Nagelerkrankung, Nagelkrankheiten
Portuguese Doenças das unhas, Doença das unhas NE, Doença NE das unhas, Afecção das unhas, ALTERACOES DAS UNHAS, Onicopatias, Anomalia das unhas, Doenças da Unha
Spanish Enfermedad de las uñas no especificada, Trastorno ungueal NEOM, Enfermedades de las uñas, Enfermedad no especificada de las uñas, enfermedad de la uña (trastorno), UNAS, TRASTORNO, enfermedad de la uña, SAI (trastorno), enfermedad de la uña, SAI, enfermedad ungueal, Trastorno de las uñas, trastorno de la uña (trastorno), trastorno de la uña, trastorno ungueal, enfermedad de la uña, Enfermedades de la Uña
Japanese 爪の障害NOS, 爪の疾患、詳細不明, 爪の障害, 詳細不明の爪の疾患, ショウサイフメイノツメノシッカン, ツメノショウガイ, ツメノシッカンショウサイフメイ, ツメノショウガイNOS
Swedish Nagelsjukdomar
Finnish Kynsien sairaudet
Russian NOGTEI BOLEZNI, НОГТЕЙ БОЛЕЗНИ
Czech Onemocnění nehtu, Blíže neurčené onemocnění nehtu, Porucha nehtu, Porucha nehtu NOS, nemoci nehtů, onemocnění nehtu, nehty - nemoci
Korean 손[발]톱 장애, 상세불명의 손[발]톱 장애
Croatian NOKAT, BOLESTI
Polish Choroby paznokci
Hungarian Köröm betegség k.m.n., köröm betegségei, köröm nem meghatározott betegségei, Körömbetegség, köröm betegsége, nem meghatározott, Betegség köröm
Norwegian Neglesykdommer

Ontology: Dystrophia unguium (C0221260)

Definition (NCI) Deformity or discoloration of a fingernail or toenail.(NICHD)
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD10 L60.3
SnomedCT 87065009
English NAIL DYSTROPHY, onychodystrophy (physical finding), nail dystrophy (physical finding), onychodystrophy, nail dystrophy, nails onychodystrophy, onychodystrophy was noted, nail dystrophy was noted, dystrophic nails, dystrophic nail, Dystrophia unguium, Dystrophic nails, Dystrophic claw, Claw deformed, Nail deformed, Nail dystrophy, Onychodystrophy, Dystrophic nail, Dystrophia unguium (disorder), dystrophy; nail, nail; dystrophy
Italian Distrofia ungueale, Onicodistrofia
Japanese 爪ジストロフィー, ソウジストロフィー, ツメジストロフィー
Portuguese DISTROFIA DAS UNHAS, Onicodistrofia, Distrofia ungueal
French DYSTROPHIE UNGUEALE, Onychodystrophy, Dystrophie unguéale
Czech Dystrofie nehtu, Onychodystrofie
Korean 손[발]톱 영양장애
Hungarian Körömdystrophia, Onychodystrophia
Dutch onychodystrofie, dystrofie; nagel, nagel; dystrofie, Onychodystrofie, nageldystrofie
German Onychodystrophie, Nageldystrophie
Spanish Onicodistrofia, distrofia de uñas (trastorno), distrofia de uñas, onicodistrofia, Distrofia de las uñas

Ontology: Onychotillomania (C0233623)

Concepts Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction (T048)
SnomedCT 60259009
English Onychotillomania (pulling out nails), nails onychotillomania, onychotillomania (physical finding), onychotillomania, onychotillomania was observed, Neurotic picking at nails, Onychotillomania, Onychotillomania (finding)
Spanish Onicotilomanía, onicotilomanía (hallazgo), onicotilomanía, tendencia neurótica a querer arrancarse las uñas
Portuguese Onicotilomania
French Onychotillomanie
Italian Onicotillomania
German Onychotillomanie
Dutch onychotillomanie
Czech Poškozování nehtů
Japanese 爪甲損傷癖, ソウコウソンショウヘキ
Hungarian Onychotillomania

Ontology: Lamellar nail splitting (disorder) (C0263531)

Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
SnomedCT 82144009
Dutch onychoschisis, onychoschizia
French Onychoschisis, Onychoschizie
German Onychoschisis
Italian Onicoschizia, Onicoschisi
Portuguese Onicosquizia
Spanish Onicosquicia, Onicosquisis, desprendimiento horizontal de las capas de la uña, onicosquicia, onicosquisis (trastorno), onicosquisis
Japanese 爪甲葉状剥離症, 爪甲層状分裂症, ソウコウソウジョウブンレツショウ, ソウコウヨウジョウハクリショウ
English onychoschizia (physical finding), onychoschizia, nails onychoschizia, onychoschizia was noted, peeling nails, nail peeling, peel nail, nails peeling, flaking nails, Lamellar nail splitting (disorder), Horizontal splitting of nail plate, Flaking of nails, Lamellar nail dystrophy, Lamellar nail splitting, Peeling of nails, Onychoschizia, Onychoschisis
Czech Štěpení nehtu, Onychoschíza
Hungarian Onychschizia, Onychoschisis

Ontology: Onychogryposis (C0263537)

Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD10 L60.2
SnomedCT 156403008, 52897009
Italian Onicogrifosi
Japanese 爪甲鉤弯症, ソウコウコウワンショウ
English onychogryposis (diagnosis), onychogryposis, onychogryposis (physical finding), onychogryphosis, hook nail, Onychogryphosis (disorder), Hook nail, Onychogryphosis, Onychogryposis, OG - Onychogryphosis, Onychogryposis (disorder), horn nail
German Onychogryposis [Onychogryphosis], Onychogrypose
Czech Onychogryfóza
Korean 손[발]톱 구만증
Hungarian Onychogryposis
Dutch Onychogryfose, onychogryposis
Spanish onicogrifosis (trastorno), onicogrifosis, uña en gancho, Onicogriposis
Portuguese Onicogrifose
French Onychogryphose

Ontology: ANONYCHIA (C0265998)

Concepts Congenital Abnormality (T019)
MSH C536377
ICD10 Q84.3
SnomedCT 23610003
English ANONYCHIA, anonychia (diagnosis), anonychia, Congenital absence of nails (anonychia), Hyponychia congenita, Anonychia congenita, Complete absence of all fingernails (anonychia), congenital, Claw absent, Nail absent, Anonychia, Congenital absent nails, ANN - Anonychia, Anonychia (disorder)
German Anonychie
Korean 무조증
Dutch Anonychie
Spanish anoniquia (trastorno), anoniquia, ausencia congénita de uñas

Ontology: Abnormality of nail shape (C1304387)

Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
SnomedCT 402634009
English Abnormality of nail shape (disorder), Abnormality of nail shape
Spanish anormalidad de la forma ungueal (trastorno), anormalidad de la forma ungueal

Ontology: Nail growth abnormal (C1610609)

Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
Dutch nagelgroei abnormaal
French Croissance des ongles anormale
German anomales Nagelwachstum
Italian Crescita delle unghie anormale
Portuguese Crescimento das unhas anormal
Spanish Crecimiento ungueal anormal
Japanese 爪成長異常, ソウセイチョウイジョウ, ツメセイチョウイジョウ
Czech Růst nehtů abnormální
Hungarian Köröm növekedési zavar
English Nail growth abnormal