II. Normal Blood Pressures in young infants and newborns
III. Causes
- See Hypertension Causes
-
Blood Pressure higher in upper extremity
- Aortic Coarctation
- Interrupted aortic arch
-
Blood Pressure higher in lower extremity
- Renal parenchymal disease
- Endocrine abnormality
- Neonatal Seizures with transient Hypertension
- Hypervolemia
- Renovascular (Umbilical Artery Catheter complication)
- Aortic mural thrombi
- Renal artery thrombosis
- Renal vein thrombosis
IV. Evaluation
- Aortic cause suspected
- Evaluate for Aortic Coarctation
- Renal or endocrine cause suspected
- Serum Electrolytes with Renal Function tests (Chem8)
- Plasma renin
- Renal Ultrasound with doppler flow
- CNS cause suspected
- CT or MRI Head
V. References
- Bada in Korones (1993) Neonatal Decision Making, p. 152
- Ingelfinger (1982) Pediatric Hypertension, p. 229-240
- Ingelfinger in Cloherty (1991) Neonatal Care, p. 492-5
- Fuloria (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(1):61-8 [PubMed]