Vertigo Causes

Aka: Vertigo Causes

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II. Causes: Vertigo

  1. Critical to distinguish peripheral from central cause
    1. See Vertigo
    2. See Peripheral Causes of Vertigo
    3. See Central Causes of Vertigo
  2. Common Primary Vestibular Problems (93% of Vertigo)
    1. Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
    2. Acute Vestibular Neuronitis
    3. Meniere's Disease
  3. Miscellaneous Causes
    1. Motion Sickness
    2. Vertigo Caused by Medication
    3. Vertigo Caused by Psychological Condition
      1. Provoked by stress (also seen in Migraine)
      2. Constant Vertigo for weeks
        1. Anxiety or Depression
        2. Brief spells are seen in Panic Attacks
        3. Persistent Vertigo also seen in Meniere's

III. Causes: Vertigo with Motor Weakness

  1. Facial weakness
    1. Acoustic Neuroma
    2. Herpes Zoster
  2. Other Focal Neurologic Deficits
    1. Cerebellopontine angle tumor
    2. Cerebrovascular Disease
    3. Multiple Sclerosis

IV. Causes: Vertigo with Hearing Affected

  1. No Hearing Loss
    1. Vestibular Neuronitis
    2. Brainstem Infarct (PICA or anterior vestibular)
  2. Hearing Loss from acute Vertigo Causes
    1. Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
    2. Brainstem Infarct (AICA ot labyrinthine artery)
    3. Viral Labyrinthitis or Bacterial Labyrinthitis
    4. Perilymphatic Fistula
  3. Hearing Loss from chronic Vertigo Causes
    1. Acoustic Neuroma
    2. Cholesteatoma
    3. Meniere's Disease
    4. Otosclerosis
    5. Vestibular Schwannoma
  4. Hearing Loss with Tinnitus
    1. Acute Labyrinthitis
    2. Acoustic Neuroma
    3. Meniere's Disease
  5. Hearing Loss with recent Trauma
    1. Concussion
    2. Perilymphatic Fistula

V. Differential Diagnosis

  1. See Dizziness
  2. Images
    1. DizzinessDDx.png

VI. References

  1. Baloh (1999) Postgrad Med 105(2):161-72 [PubMed]
  2. Knox (1997) Am Fam Physician 55(4):1185-90 [PubMed]
  3. Labuguen (2006) Am Fam Physician 73:244-51 [PubMed]
  4. Tusa (2005) Neurol Clin 23:655-673 [PubMed]
  5. Tusa (2003) Med Clin N Am 87:609-41 [PubMed]

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