II. Indications
- Effective alternative to Penicillins
- Covers Gram Positive Cocci
- Covers some Gram Negative Bacilli (least coverage of the Cephalosporins)
- Clinical Conditions
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
- Streptococcal Pharyngitis
- Simple Urinary Tract Infections (Acute Cystitis)
- Not indicated for Otitis Media (inadequate coverage due to resistance)
III. Mechanism: Activity Spectrum
- Good Gram Positive Cocci Coverage
- Modest EKP Gram Negative Bacteria covered
IV. Contraindications: Relative
- MRSA
- Enterococcus
- Enterobacter
- Proteus Vulgaris
- Morganella marganii
- Pseudomonas
- Acinebacter calcoaceticus
V. Preparations: Oral
- Directions
- May take with or without food
-
Cephalexin (Keflex)
- Adult: 250 to 500 mg orally 4 times daily
- Child: 25 to 50 mg/kg/day orally divided 4 times daily
- Cefadroxil (Duricef)
- Generic, and similar efficacy to Cephalexin, with the ease of twice daily dosing instead of four times daily
- Adult: 1 to 2 grams/day orally divided once to twice daily
- Child: 30 mg/kg/day orally divided twice daily
VI. Preparations: Parenteral - Cefazolin (Ancef)
- Adult: 0.5 to 1.5 grams IM or IV every 6-8 hours
- Child
- Standard: 25 to 50 mg/kg/day divided q6-8 hours
- Severe Infection: 100 mg/kg/day divided q6-8 hours
- Maximum: 2 grams per dose
VII. Resources
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| cefadroxil (on 5/17/2017 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
| CEFADROXIL 250 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $0.29 per ml |
| CEFADROXIL 500 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $0.25 each |
| CEFADROXIL 500 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $0.35 per ml |
Ontology: Cefadroxil (C0007538)
| Definition (NCI) | A semi-synthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefadroxil binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis. |
| Definition (MSH) | Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative. |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002434 |
| SnomedCT | 13414000, 372651006 |
| LNC | LP17101-4, MTHU005578 |
| English | 4 Hydroxycephalexin, 4-Hydroxycephalexin, Cefadroxil, Cephadroxyl, 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7-((amino(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl)amino)-3-methyl-8-oxo-, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(R*)))-, (6R,7R)-7-(((2R)-Amino(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl)amino)-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic Acid, cefadroxil, CEFADROXIL, Cefadroxil [Chemical/Ingredient], cephadroxyl, Cefadroxil Monohydrate, Cefadroxil (product), Cefadroxil (substance) |
| Swedish | Cefadroxil |
| Czech | cefadroxil |
| Finnish | Kefadroksiili |
| Italian | 4-Idrossi cefalessina, Cefadrossil |
| Russian | TSEFADROKSIL, ЦЕФАДРОКСИЛ |
| Japanese | セファドロキシル |
| Polish | Cefadroksyl |
| Spanish | cefadroxilo (producto), cefadroxilo (sustancia), cefadroxilo, Cefadroxilo |
| French | Céfadroxil |
| German | Cefadroxil |
| Portuguese | Cefadroxila |
Ontology: Cefazolin (C0007546)
| Definition (NCI) | A beta-lactam antibiotic and first-generation cephalosporin with bactericidal activity. Cefazolin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis. |
| Definition (MSH) | A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine. |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002437 |
| SnomedCT | 323932006, 81088002, 387470007 |
| LNC | LP16066-0, MTHU005579 |
| English | Cefazolin, Cephazolin, 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 3-(((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-7-((1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino)-, (6R-trans)-, (6R,7R)-3-(((5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-7-(2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic Acid, Cefazolin [Chemical/Ingredient], cephazolin, ceFAZolin, CEFAZOLIN, cefazolin, Cephazolin (product), Cephazolin (substance) |
| Swedish | Cefazolin |
| Czech | cefazolin |
| Finnish | Kefatsoliini |
| Russian | TSEFAZOLIN, ЦЕФАЗОЛИН |
| Japanese | セファゾリン, セファゾリンナトリウム |
| Polish | Cefazolina |
| Spanish | cefazolina (producto), cefazolina (sustancia), cefazolina, Cefazolina |
| French | Céfazoline |
| German | Cefazolin, Cephazolin |
| Italian | Cefazolina |
| Portuguese | Cefazolina |
Ontology: Ancef (C0700926)
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002437 |
| English | ancef, Ancef |
Ontology: Duricef (C0701890)
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002434 |
| English | duricef, Duricef |
