Infectious Disease Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Atovaquone

Aka: Atovaquone, Mepron, Malarone
Advertisement
  1. Indications
    1. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
      1. Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia prophylaxis
      2. Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia treatment
      3. Patients unable to tolerate Bactrim
    2. Malaria Prophylaxis and Treatment (Malarone)
      1. Third line agent (Mefloquine preferred)
    3. Babesiosis
  2. Contraindications
    1. Creatinine Clearance <30 ml/minute/1.73m2
    2. Pregnancy Category C
  3. Dosing: Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia
    1. Prophylaxis: 1500 mg PO qd with food
    2. Treatment: 750 mg PO bid with food for 21 days
  4. Dosing: Malaria (Atovaquone/Proguanil or Malarone)
    1. Adults
      1. Prophylaxis: 1 tablet (250 mg/100 mg) orally daily
        1. Start 1-2 days before travel
        2. Stop 7 days after return
      2. Treatment: 4 tablets (1000 mg/400 mg) orally daily for 3 days
    2. Children (over age 1 month)
      1. Weight: 11-20 kg
        1. Prophylaxis: 1 tablet (62.5 mg /25 mg) PO qd
        2. Treatment: 1 tablet (250 mg/100 mg) PO qd
      2. Weight: 21-30 kg
        1. Prophylaxis: 1 tablet (125 mg /50 mg) PO qd
        2. Treatment: 2 tablet (250 mg/100 mg) PO qd
      3. Weight: 31-40 kg
        1. Prophylaxis: 1 tablet (187.5 mg /75 mg) PO qd
        2. Treatment: 3 tablet (250 mg/100 mg) PO qd
      4. Weight: >40 kg (Adult dose)
        1. Prophylaxis: 1 tablet (250 mg /100 mg) PO qd
        2. Treatment: 4 tablet (250 mg/100 mg) PO qd
  5. Precautions: Poor absorption
    1. Take with food (fatty meal) to ensure absorption
    2. Up to 10% of patients still may not absorb Mepron
  6. Efficacy: HIV
    1. Not as clinically active as Bactrim
    2. Pneumocystis Pneumonia treatment Failure rate: 17%
      1. Contrast with 6% for Bactrim
  7. Adverse effects
    1. Less dose-limiting adverse reactions than Bactrim
      1. Atovaquone: 7%
      2. Bactrim: 20%
    2. Rash
    3. Abdominal Pain
    4. Nausea or Vomiting
    5. Diarrhea
    6. Headache
    7. Mild Liver Function Test abnormalities
  8. Drug Interactions: Reduced plasma levels of Atovaquone
    1. Tetracycline
    2. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
    3. Rifampin
  9. References
    1. (2000) Med Lett Drugs Ther 42(1093):109-12
Medication Costs
Atovaquone-Proguanil HCl (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Atovaquone-Proguanil HCl 250-100mg Tablets #30 for $199.98 ($6.67/unit)
Mepron (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Mepron 750mg/5ml Suspension #210 for $1124.69 ($5.36/unit)
Malarone (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Malarone 250-100mg Tablets #7 for $60.99 ($8.71/unit)
Malarone 62.5-25mg Tablets #7 for $31.99 ($4.57/unit)
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information.

Atovaquone (C0165603)

Definition (CSP) broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug found to be active against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients.
Definition (MSH) A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.
Definition (NCI) A synthetic hydroxynaphthoquinone with antiprotozoal activity. Atovoquone blocks the mitochondrial electron transport at complex III of the respiratory chain of protozoa, thereby inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis, preventing DNA synthesis and leading to protozoal death.
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D053626
SnomedCT 391793007, 108718008, 386899002
English atovaquone, 2-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-(trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, Atovaquone, 3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-4-hydroxy-naphthalene-1,2-dione, atovaquone (medication), Atovaquone - chemical (substance), ATOVAQUONE, Atovaquone [Chemical/Ingredient], Atovaquone (product), Atovaquone (substance), Atovaquone - chemical
Portuguese Atovaquona
Spanish Atovacuona, Atovaquona, Atovaquone - chemical, atovacuona (producto), atovacuona (sustancia), atovacuona
Russian АТОВАКОН, ATOVAKON
Italian Atovaquone
German Atovaquon, 2-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinon, 2-(trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinon
French 2-(trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, Atovaquone
Czech 2-(trans-4-(4-chlorfenyl)cyklohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naftochinon, atovachon, 2-(4-(4'-chlorfenyl)cyklohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naftochinon
Finnish Atovakvoni
Japanese アトバコン
Swedish Atovakvon
Polish Atowakon
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Mepron (C0378468)

Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D053626
English Mepron, Wellvone, Glaxo Wellcome brand of atovaquone, GlaxoSmithKline brand of atovaquone, atovaquone GlaxoSmithKline brand, mepron
German Wellvone, Mepron
French Malarone, Wellvone, Mepron
Czech Mepron
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Malarone (C0595490)

Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH C109496
English Malarone, malarone
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Navigation Tree