Infectious Disease Book

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Tetracycline

Aka: Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Minocycline
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  1. Preparations
    1. Tetracycline
      1. Shortage in May 2013
    2. Doxycycline
      1. Shortage in May 2013
      2. Avoid substituting low-dose Doxycycline (Periostat, Oracea) products for systemic infections
      3. May substitute other Doxycycline salts
        1. Doxycycline hyclate (Vibramycin)
        2. Doxycycline monohydrate (Monodox)
      4. References
        1. (2013) Presc Lett 20(5):26
    3. Minocycline
  2. Dosing: Acne Vulgaris
    1. Tetracycline 1 gram daily given in 2-4 divided doses
    2. Doxycycline 100-200 mg/day in divided doses
    3. Minocycline 50-200 mg/d in divided doses
  3. Dosing: Malaria Prophylaxis
    1. Doxycycline 100 mg daily
      1. Start 1-2 days before travel and continue for 4 weeks after return
  4. Indications
    1. Skin disorders
      1. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Skin Infections
      2. Acne Vulgaris
      3. Acne Rosacea
    2. Gastrointestinal disorders
      1. Helicobacter Pylori (part of quadruple therapy protocol)
    3. Tick-borne illness
      1. Lyme Disease
      2. Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis)
      3. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
    4. Miscellaneous disorders
      1. Community Acquired Pneumonia
      2. Malaria Prophylaxis
    5. Sexually Transmitted Disease
      1. Chlamydia trachomatis
      2. Lymphogranuloma venereum
  5. Contraindications
    1. Pregnancy
      1. Pregnancy category D
    2. Children under age 8 years old
  6. Drug Interactions: Food Related
    1. Tetracycline
      1. Milk and food decrease absorption
      2. Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal
    2. Doxycycline and Minocycline
      1. Can be taken with food (unlike Tetracycline)
  7. Precautions
    1. Use Sunscreen with these agents due to Drug-induced Photosensitivity
    2. Pill Esophagitis
      1. Take with a full glass of water
  8. Adverse Effects
    1. Tetracycline
      1. Photosensitivity
      2. Interferes with OCP action
    2. Doxycycline
      1. Photosensitivity
      2. Abdominal Pain
      3. Diarrhea
      4. Pill Esophagitis (see above)
    3. Minocycline
      1. Generally well tolerated
      2. Does not generally cause photosensitivity
      3. Rare adverse effects
        1. Lupus-like syndrome (1:20,000)
        2. Vertigo
        3. Oral Mucosa pigmentation (blue-black pigmentation)
        4. Hypersensitivity Syndrome within 1-3 months
        5. Delayed arthralgias or Polyarthritis
Medication Costs
TETRACYCLINE (on 2/10/2012 at Target.com)
TETRACYCLINE 250 MG Capsule #30 for $4.00 ($0.13/unit)
TETRACYCLINE 500 MG Capsule #30 for $4.00 ($0.13/unit)
DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE (on 2/10/2012 at Target.com)
DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE 50 MG Capsule #30 for $4.00 ($0.13/unit)
DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE 100 MG Capsule / Tablet #30 for $4.00 ($0.13/unit)
Tetracycline HCl (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Tetracycline HCl 250mg Capsules #100 for $14.99 ($0.15/unit)
Tetracycline HCl 500mg Capsules #100 for $19.99 ($0.20/unit)
Doxycycline Hyclate (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Doxycycline Hyclate 100mg Tablets #20 for $13.99 ($0.70/unit)
Doxycycline Hyclate 50mg Capsules #20 for $12.99 ($0.65/unit)
Doxycycline Hyclate 100mg Capsules #30 for $12.99 ($0.43/unit)
Doxycycline Hyclate 100mg Enteric Coated Tabs #30 for $287.98 ($9.60/unit)
Doxycycline Hyclate 20mg Tablets #30 for $39.99 ($1.33/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 50mg Tablets #100 for $219.99 ($2.20/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 75mg Tablets #30 for $75.99 ($2.53/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 100mg Tablets #50 for $229.98 ($4.60/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 150mg Tablets #30 for $245.99 ($8.20/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 150mg Capsules #30 for $499.98 ($16.67/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 50mg Capsules #30 for $42.99 ($1.43/unit)
Doxycycline Monohydrate 100mg Capsules #30 for $69.99 ($2.33/unit)
Minocycline HCl (on 2/9/2012 at DrugStore.com)
Minocycline HCl 90mg 24 Hour Tablets #30 for $676.01 ($22.53/unit)
Minocycline HCl 135mg 24 Hour Tablets #30 for $565.96 ($18.87/unit)
Minocycline HCl 75mg Capsules #30 for $48.99 ($1.63/unit)
Minocycline HCl 50mg Capsules #30 for $16.99 ($0.57/unit)
Minocycline HCl 100mg Capsules #30 for $22.99 ($0.77/unit)
Minocycline HCl 45mg 24 Hour Tablets #30 for $450.97 ($15.03/unit)
Minocycline HCl 75mg Tablets #30 for $146.00 ($4.87/unit)
Minocycline HCl 100mg Tablets #50 for $199.98 ($4.00/unit)
Minocycline HCl 50mg Tablets #30 for $102.99 ($3.43/unit)
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information.

Doxycycline (C0013090)

Definition (CHV) a kind of antibiotics
Definition (NCI) A drug used to treat many types of bacterial infections. It stops the growth of bacteria by keeping them from making proteins. It is a type of antibiotic.
Definition (MSH) A synthetic TETRACYCLINE derivative with similar antimicrobial activity. Animal studies suggest that it may cause less tooth staining than other tetracyclines. It is used in some areas for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM).
Definition (NCI) A synthetic, broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Doxycycline binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, possibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit as well, thereby blocking the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex. This leads to an inhibition of protein synthesis. In addition, this agent has exhibited inhibition of collagenase activity.
Definition (PDQ) A synthetic, broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Doxycycline binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, possibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit as well, thereby blocking the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex. This leads to an inhibition of protein synthesis. In addition, this agent has exhibited inhibition of collagenase activity. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42494&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42494&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C457" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSH D004318
SnomedCT 10504007, 372478003
English alpha 6 Deoxyoxytetracycline, alpha-6-Deoxyoxytetracycline, Doxycycline, 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-, (4S-(4alpha,4aalpha,5alpha,5aalpha,6alpha,12aalpha))-, doxycycline, DOXYCYCLINE, Doxycycline [Chemical/Ingredient], Doxycycline (product), Doxycycline (substance)
Swedish Doxycyklin
Czech doxycyklin
Finnish Doksisykliini
Russian VIBRAMITSIN, DOKSITSIKLIN, ВИБРАМИЦИН, ДОКСИЦИКЛИН
Italian alfa-6-Deossi-ossitetraciclina, Doxiciclina
Croatian DOKSICIKLIN
Polish Doksycyklina, Wibramycyna
Japanese ドキシサイクリン, 塩酸ドキシサイクリン
Spanish doxiciclina (producto), doxiciclina (sustancia), doxiciclina, Doxiciclina
French Doxycycline
German Doxycyclin
Portuguese Doxiciclina
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Minocycline (C0026187)

Definition (CHV) a kind of antibiotics
Definition (MSH) A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSH D008911
SnomedCT 13512003, 372653009
English Minocycline, 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,10,12,12a-tetrahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-, (4S-(4alpha,4aalpha,5aalpha,12aalpha))-, minocycline, Minocycline [Chemical/Ingredient], Minocycline (product), Minocycline (substance), MINOCYCLINE
Swedish Minocyklin
Czech minocyklin
Finnish Minosykliini
Russian MINOTSIKLIN, МИНОЦИКЛИН
Japanese ミノサイクリン塩酸塩, 塩酸ミノサイクリン, ミノサイクリン
Polish Minocyklina
Spanish minociclina (producto), minociclina (sustancia), minociclina, Minociclina
French Minocycline
German Minocyclin
Italian Minociclina
Portuguese Minociclina
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Tetracycline (C0039644)

Definition (NCI) A drug used to treat bacterial infections. It stops the growth of bacteria by keeping them from making proteins. Tetracycline also binds to new bone tissue and is being studied as a way to detect bone growth. Tetracycline is a type of antibiotic and a type of bone-labeling agent.
Definition (MSH) A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.
Definition (NCI) A broad-spectrum naphthacene antibiotic produced semisynthetically from chlortetracycline, an antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces aureofaciens. In bacteria, tetracycline binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, interferes with the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis.
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSH D013752
SnomedCT 324010007, 372809001, 66261008
English Tetracycline, 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-, (4S-(4alpha,4aalpha,5aalpha,6beta,12aalpha))-, Tetracycline [systemic], Tetracycline, NOS, tetracycline, 4-(Dimethylamino)-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-Octahydro-3,6,10,12,12A-Pentahydroxy-6-Methyl-1,11-Dioxo-2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, Tetracycline [systemic] (product), tetracycline (medication), Tetracycline [Chemical/Ingredient], Tetracycline (product), Tetracycline (substance), TETRA, Tetracycline [systemic] (substance), TCN, TETRACYCLINE
German Tetrazyklin, Tetracyclin
Swedish Tetracyklin
Czech tetracyklin
Finnish Tetrasykliini
Russian TETRATSIKLIN, ТЕТРАЦИКЛИН
Spanish tetraciclina [sistémica], tetraciclina [sistémica] (producto), tetraciclina (producto), tetraciclina (sustancia), tetraciclina, Tetraciclina
Japanese 塩酸テトラサイクリン, コサテトラシン, テトラサイクリン塩酸塩, アクロマイシン, テトラサイクリン
Polish Tetracyklina
French Tétracycline
Italian Tetraciclina
Portuguese Tetraciclina
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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