Medications Associated with Unintentional Weight Loss

Aka: Medications Associated with Unintentional Weight Loss, Unintentional Weight Loss due to Medications, Drug Induced Unintentional Weight Loss

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II. Mechanisms

  1. Altered taste or smell
    1. See Drug-Induced Gustatory Dysfunction (includes Drug-Induced Olfactory Dysfunction)
    2. Allopurinol
    3. ACE Inhibitors
    4. Calcium Channel Blockers
    5. Levodopa
    6. Propranolol
    7. Selegiline
    8. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
  2. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)
    1. See Medication Causes of Dry Mouth
    2. Anticholinergic Medications (e.g. Antihistamines)
    3. Clonidine (Catapres)
    4. Loop Diuretics
  3. Anorexia (medications suppressing appetite)
    1. Anticonvulsants (e.g. Topiramate)
    2. Appetite Suppressants (e.g. Phentermine)
    3. Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
    4. Levodopa
    5. Metformin (Glucophage)
    6. Antipsychotic Medication (Neuroleptics)
    7. Opioid Analgesics
    8. Stimulant Medications (e.g. Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine)
    9. Theophylline
  4. Dysphagia
    1. See Pill Esophagitis
    2. Bisphosphonates
    3. Doxycycline
    4. Iron Supplementation
    5. NSAIDs
    6. Potassium Supplementation
  5. Nausea or Vomiting
    1. See Medication Induced Vomiting
    2. Amantadine
    3. Antibiotics
    4. Digoxin
    5. Dopamine Agonists
    6. Metformin
    7. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
    8. Tricyclic Antidepressants

III. Causes: Cardiopulmonary Agents

  1. Beta Blockers (common)
  2. Central alpha Antagonists (common)
  3. Loop Diuretics (common)
  4. Albuterol
  5. ACE Inhibitors
  6. Calcium Channel Blockers
  7. Digoxin
  8. AntiHyperlipidemic medications
  9. Transdermal Nitroglycerin

IV. Causes: Neuropsychiatric Preparations

  1. Anticholinergic Medications (common)
  2. Anticonvulsants, e.g. Phenytoin (common)
  3. Benzodiazepines (common)
  4. Neuroleptic agents (common)
  5. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, SSRI (common)
  6. Tricyclic Antidepressants (common)
  7. Dopamine Agonists (e.g. Levodopa)

V. Causes: Endocrine Preparations

  1. Corticosteroids (common)
  2. Alendronate
  3. Hormonal Medications
  4. Metformin

VI. Causes: Rheumatologic Preparations

  1. Allopurinol
  2. NSAIDs
  3. Opioid Analgesics

VII. Causes: Infectious Disease Preparations

  1. Antibiotics
  2. Amantadine
  3. Metronidazole

VIII. Causes: Miscellaneous Preparations

  1. Antihistamines
  2. Decongestants
  3. Iron Supplements
  4. Potassium
  5. Xanthines

IX. References

  1. Gaddey (2014) Am Fam Physician 89(9):718-22 [PubMed]
  2. Huffman (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(4):640-50 [PubMed]
  3. Verdery (1997) Clin Geriatr Med 13:769-78 [PubMed]

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