Pediatric Abdominal Mass

Aka: Pediatric Abdominal Mass, Abdominal Mass in Children

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II. Causes

  1. Retroperitoneal (most common causes of abdominal mass)
    1. Neuroblastoma (typically Adrenal Mass)
    2. Wilms Tumor (renal tumor)
      1. Typically large but painless at presentation
    3. Lymphoma
      1. Majority of cases (60%) are Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
  2. Liver
    1. Hepatoblastoma
  3. Gastrointestinal
    1. Meckel's Diverticulum
    2. Fecal Mass
    3. Enteric duplication cysts
    4. Mesenteric cyst
  4. Genitourinary
    1. Ovarian Cyst
    2. Ovarian Teratoma

III. Evaluation

  1. Abdominal XRay
    1. Intestinal Obstruction
  2. Abdominal Ultrasound
    1. Distinguishes cystic and solid lesions
    2. Evaluates Hydronephrosis, Renal Cysts, Bladder size
    3. Identifies Ovarian Mass
  3. Other imaging
    1. Abdominal MRI
    2. Abdominal CT
      1. See CT-associated Radiation Exposure (avoid if possible)

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