Gastroenterology Book

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Antiemetic

Aka: Antiemetic, Anti-emetic
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  1. See Also
    1. Nausea
    2. Nausea Causes
    3. Nausea After Surgery
    4. Nausea in Cancer
    5. Nausea in HIV
    6. Nausea in Pregnancy
    7. Antiemetic in Pregnancy
  2. Preparations: Substituted benzamides
    1. Indications
      1. Diabetic Gastroparesis
    2. Agents
      1. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
      2. Trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
    3. Adverse effects
      1. Extrapyramidal Side Effects
  3. Preparations: Phenothiazines
    1. Indications
      1. Migraine Headaches
      2. Motion Sickness or Vertigo
      3. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
      4. Postoperative Nausea (See Nausea After Surgery)
      5. Severe Nausea and Vomiting
    2. Agents
      1. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
      2. Promethazine (Phenergan)
    3. Adverse effects
      1. Extrapyramidal Side Effects
  4. Preparations: Butyrophenones
    1. Agents
      1. Droperidol (Inapsine)
        1. Use limited due to Prolonged QT
      2. Haloperidol (Haldol)
    2. Indications
      1. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
      2. Postoperative Nausea (See Nausea After Surgery)
    3. Adverse Effects
      1. Sedation
      2. Agitation or restlessness
  5. Preparations: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist
    1. Indications
      1. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
      2. Severe Nausea and Vomiting
    2. Agents
      1. Ondansetron (Zofran)
      2. Granisetron (Kytril)
      3. Dolasetron (Anzemet)
      4. Palonosetron (Aloxi)
    3. Adverse effects
      1. Asthenia
      2. Dizziness
      3. Constipation
  6. Preparations: Adjunctive and atypical Antiemetics
    1. Scopolamine
      1. Motion Sickness
    2. Antihistamines (Dramamine, Benadryl, Antivert)
      1. Migraine Headache
      2. Motion Sickness or Vertigo
    3. Benzodiazepines (Lorazepam, Diazepam, Clonazepam)
      1. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
    4. Cannabinoids (dronabinol)
      1. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
    5. Dexamethasone
      1. Chemotherapy-Induced (See Nausea in Cancer)
  7. Preparations: Brief list of some options for Adults
    1. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
      1. Other Routes: 5-10 mg PO/IM/IV tid/qid
      2. Rectal: 25 mg PR g12h
    2. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
      1. Dose: 10 mg PO/IM/IV, 1 hour before meals and qhs
    3. Promethazine (Phenergan)
      1. Dose: 25-50mg PO/IM/PR q4-6h
    4. Ondansetron (Zofran)
      1. Dose: 10 mg (0.15mg/kg) IV over 15 min q4h prn

Antiemetics (C0003297)

Definition (NCI) A drug that prevents or reduces nausea and vomiting.
Definition (MSH) Drugs used to prevent NAUSEA or VOMITING.
Definition (CSP) drugs used to prevent nausea or vomiting; act by a wide range of mechanisms; some act on the medullary control centers while others effect the peripheral receptors.
Definition (NCI) Drugs used to prevent nausea or vomiting. Antiemetics act by a wide range of mechanisms. Some act on the medullary control centers (the vomiting center and the chemoreceptive trigger zone) while others affect the peripheral receptors. (MeSH)
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D000932
SnomedCT 372764000, 52017007
English Antiemetic Drugs, Drugs, Antiemetic, Agents, Antiemetic, Antiemetic Agents, ANTIEMETICS, Antiemetic, NOS, antiemetics, 858 ANTIEMETICS, Antiemetic [EPC], [GA605] ANTIEMETICS, Anti-emetic, Anti-emetic Agent, Anti-emetic Agent [TC], Antiemetic Agent, anti-emetic agents, antiemetic drugs, antiemetic agents, antiemetic drug, antinauseant drugs, antiemetic, Antiemetic, Antiemetic (product), Antiemetic (substance), Anti emetics, Anti-emetics, Antinauseant Drugs, Antiemetics
French Agents antiémétiques, Anti-émétiques, Médicaments antiémétiques, Médicaments antivomitifs, Antiémétisants, Agents antivomitifs, Anti-vomitifs, Antiémétiques, Antivomitifs
Swedish Antiemetika
Czech antiemetika
Finnish Antiemeetit
Italian Sostanze antiemetiche, Farmaci antiemetici, Antiemetici
Russian PROTIVORVOTNYE SREDSTVA, ПРОТИВОРВОТНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА
Japanese 制吐剤, 制吐薬, 鎮吐剤, 鎮吐薬
Spanish Antiemético, Antiemetico, antiemético (producto), antiemético (sustancia), antiemético, Antiemeticos, Antieméticos
Portuguese Antiemético, Antieméticos
Polish Leki przeciwwymiotne
German Antiemetika
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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