II. Indications
III. Criteria
-
Foot Progression Angle
- Evaluate foot long axis relative to line of walking
- Based on line from heel to second to third toe
- Excessively negative Foot Progression Angle suggests In-Toeing
- Excessively positive Foot Progression Angle suggests Out-toeing
-
Thigh-Foot Angle
- Patient lies prone, with knees flexed 90 degrees off table
- Assess angle between femur axis (line along length of bone) and foot axis (plantar line from heel to third web space)
- Thigh-Foot Angle internal rotation (medial rotation, In-Toeing)> 10 degrees suggests tibial torsion
- External Hip Rotation
- See Hip Rotation Evaluation in Children (includes normal ranges for age)
- Internal Hip Rotation
- See Hip Rotation Evaluation in Children (includes normal ranges for age)
IV. Interpretation
- Measurements 2 S.D. Outside the mean are considerd abnormal and often warrant specialty Consultation