II. Causes: Medications
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or ACE Inhibitors (cough)
- Anticholinergics, Antihistamines, Diuretics (mucosal drying)
- Antipsychotic Medications (Dystonic Reaction)
- Bisphosphonates (Laryngitis)
- Sex Hormones such as Danazol, Testosterone
- Inhaled Corticosteroids (Laryngitis due to irritation, fungal infection)
- Anticoagulants such as Warfarin, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors such as Viagra (vocal fold Hematoma)