II. Causes
- Acute Valvular Dysfunction
- Aortic Stenosis
- Acute Mitral Valve Regurgitation (i.e. acute MI with papillary Muscle rupture)
- Prosthetic Heart Valve complication (e.g. Thromboembolism, valvular obstruction)
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (esp. young patients)
- Chronic Valvular Dysfunction
- Congenital Disorders