Gastroenterology Book

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Pediatric Constipation Etiologies

Aka: Pediatric Constipation Etiologies, Pediatric Constipation Causes, Constipation Causes in Children
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  1. See Also
    1. Constipation Causes in Adults
    2. Constipation Causes in Infants
  2. Causes: Common
    1. Functional Constipation is most common cause
    2. Infants
      1. Consider maternal medications in Breast fed infants
      2. Cystic Fibrosis
      3. Hirschsprung's Disease
      4. Congenital disorders
      5. Anteriorly displaced anus
    3. Older children
      1. Hypothyroidism
      2. Anorexia
      3. Neuromuscular disorders
    4. References
      1. Claudius in Majoewsky (2012) EM:RAP - C3 2(3):2
  3. Causes: Dietary
    1. Excessive cows milk
    2. Transition from Breast Milk to formula
    3. Transition from strained foods to table foods
    4. Lack of privacy (e.g. start of daycare or school)
    5. Lack of bulk in diet
    6. Under-nutrition
    7. Pediatric Dehydration
  4. Causes: Medications
    1. See Medication Causes of Constipation
    2. Lead Poisoning
  5. Causes: Structural defects
    1. Duodenal atresia
    2. Anal stenosis
    3. Small colon Syndrome
    4. Intussusception
    5. Volvulus
    6. Malrotation
    7. Presacral teratoma
    8. Meconium plug
    9. Rectal Prolapse
    10. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    11. Celiac Disease
    12. Imperforate anus
    13. Anteriorly displaced anus
    14. Anal Fissure
  6. Causes: Muscle Diseases
    1. Scleroderma
    2. Dermatomyositis
    3. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    4. Absence of abdominal musculature
  7. Causes: Abnormal mysenteric Ganglion cells
    1. Aganglionic Megacolon (Hirschprung's Disease)
    2. Chagas' Disease
    3. Von Recklinghausen's Disease
    4. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasm (MEN) Type 2
  8. Causes: Spinal Cord defects
    1. Spina Bifida Occulta
    2. Myelomeningocele
    3. Meningocele
    4. Diastematomyelia
    5. Paraplegia
    6. Cauda equina tumor
    7. Sacral agenesis
    8. Cerebral Palsy
  9. Causes: Metabolic and endocrine disorders
    1. Hypothyroidism
    2. Hypoparathyroidism
    3. Renal Tubular Acidosis
    4. Diabetes Insipidus
    5. Vitamin D intoxication
    6. Idiopathic Hypercalcemia
    7. Hypokalemia
    8. Cystic Fibrosis
    9. Uremia
  10. Causes: Infectious conditions
    1. Infant Botulism
    2. Necrotizing Enterocolitis
  11. Causes: Neurologic or Psychiatric Conditions
    1. Myotonic dystrophy
    2. Amyotonia congenita
    3. Mental Retardation
    4. Psychosis
    5. Prune-Belly Syndrome
    6. Pseudo-obstruction syndrome
  12. References
    1. Bergeson (1996) Med J Allina 5(2):6-10
    2. Abi-Hanna (1998) Pediatr Rev 19:23-30
    3. Leung (1996) Am Fam Physician 54(2):611-18

Constipation (C0009806)

Definition (NCI) Irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels.
Definition (NCI) A disorder characterized by irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels.
Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Constipation means that a person has three or fewer bowel movements in a week. The stool can be hard and dry. Sometimes it is painful to pass. At one time or another, almost everyone gets constipated. In most cases, it lasts a short time and is not serious.

There are many things you can do to prevent constipation. They include

  • Eating more fruits, vegetables and grains, which are high in fiber
  • Drinking plenty of water and other liquids
  • Getting enough exercise
  • Taking time to have a bowel movement when you need to
  • Using laxatives only if your doctor says you should
  • Asking your doctor if medicines you take may cause constipation

It's not important that you have a bowel movement every day. If your bowel habits change, however, check with your doctor.

NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Definition (NCI) A condition in which stool becomes hard, dry, and difficult to pass, and bowel movements don't happen very often. Other symptoms may include painful bowel movements, and feeling bloated, uncomfortable, and sluggish.
Definition (HHC) Other forms of abnormal feces or difficult passage of feces.
Definition (NAN) Decrease in normal frequency of defecation accompanied by difficult or incomplete passage of stool and/or passage of excessively hard, dry stool
Definition (CSP) condition in which bowel movements are infrequent or incomplete.
Definition (MSH) Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.
Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
MSH D003248
ICD9 564.00, 564.0
ICD10 K59.0, K59.00
SnomedCT 139358004, 162080004, 162083002, 139356000, 139359007, 162082007, 197123003, 14760008, 363693003
French CONSTIPATION, Constipation
English CONSTIPATION, Constipation NOS, Perceived Constipation, constipation (diagnosis), constipation, constipation (symptom), Constipation (& symptom) (finding), Constipation NOS (finding), Constipation NOS (disorder), Constipation, unspecified, Constipation [Disease/Finding], rndx unspecified constipation (diagnosis), rndx unspecified constipation, Unspecified constipation, constipating, constipated, constipations, constipate, difficulty defecating, Unspecified Constipation, Constipation (disorder), Costiveness, Difficult passing motion, Difficulty defaecating, Difficulty defecating, Difficulty opening bowels, Difficulty passing stool, CN - Constipation, Constipated, fecal; retention, retention; fecal, Constipation (& symptom), Constipation (finding), Constipation symptom, Costive symptom, Constipation
Portuguese Constipação Intestinal, Obstipação, OBSTIPACAO, Obstipacao, Prisão de Ventre
Swedish Förstoppning, FORSTOPPNING
Japanese ﾍﾞﾝﾋﾟ, 便秘症, 便秘
Czech obstipace, zácpa, Zácpa
Spanish Constipation, estreñimiento, SAI, Constipation (& symptom), Constipation symptom, Costive symptom, estreñimiento, SAI (trastorno), constipación, SAI (trastorno), ESTRENIMIENTO, estreñimiento, SAI (hallazgo), Constipation NOS, constipación, SAI (hallazgo), constipación, SAI, estreñimiento (trastorno), estreñimiento, constipación (hallazgo), constipación, dificultad para evacuar el intestino, Estrenimiento, Constipacion de Vientre, Estreñimiento, Constipación de Vientre
Finnish Ummetus, UMMETUS
Russian ZAPORY, ЗАПОРЫ
Danish Obstipation
Norwegian TREG MAGE/FORSTOPPELSE/OBSTIPASJON k59.0
German VERSTOPFUNG, Verstopfung/Obstipation, Obstipation, Verstopfung
Hungarian szekrekedes, Obstipatio
Korean 변비
Italian Costipazione, Stipsi
Croatian KONSTIPACIJA
Basque ESTITIKEZA
Hebrew atzirut
Polish Zaparcie
Dutch faeces; retentie, retentie; faeces, constipatie, Obstipatie, Constipatie
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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