Oral Ulcer

Aka: Oral Ulcer, Oral Ulceration, Mucosal Ulcer, Mouth Ulcer, Mouth Sore

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II. Causes: Common

  1. Aphthous Ulcer
  2. Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
    1. External Vesicles are only seen with HSV (not with Herpangina or Hand Foot and Mouth Disease)
    2. When herpes involves the Oral Mucosa, it typically results in lesions on the Hard Palate
  3. Herpangina
    1. Vesicles in posterior pharynx, sparing anterior pharynx
  4. Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
    1. Vesicles in anterior pharynx, sparing posterior pharynx
  5. Mouth Chemical Burn Causes
    1. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
    2. NSAIDs
    3. Aspirin

III. Causes: Rheumatologic

  1. Behcet's Syndrome
  2. Reiter's Syndrome
  3. Crohn's Disease
  4. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (often painless ulcers on Palate)
  5. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
  6. Sarcoidosis
  7. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (previously known as Wegener's Granulomatosis)

IV. Causes: Infectious

  1. Histoplasmosis
  2. Tuberculosis
  3. Syphilis (Condyloma Latum, Gumma)
  4. Yaws
  5. Mucosal Leishmaniasis

V. Differential Diagnosis

  1. Oral Cancer
  2. Oral Mucositis or Stomatitis

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