Obstetrics Book

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Medications in Pregnancy

Aka: Medications in Pregnancy, FDA Pregnancy Categories
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  1. See Also
    1. Analgesic Medications in Pregnancy
    2. Antibiotics in Pregnancy
    3. Cardiovascular Medications in Pregnancy
    4. Cold Preparations in Pregnancy
    5. Endocrine Medications in Pregnancy
    6. Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome
    7. Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy
    8. Hematology Medications in Pregnancy
    9. Lactation Safe Medications
    10. Neuro-Psychiatric Medications in Pregnancy
    11. Respiratory Medications in Pregnancy
    12. Teratogen Exposure
  2. General Recommendations
    1. Avoid medications if possible in first trimester
    2. Limit use to safe, short-acting, non-combination drugs
    3. Topical medications are preferred over systemic agents
    4. Use the lowest effective dose of a medication
  3. Class A
    1. No risk in controlled human studies
    2. Examples
      1. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
      2. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)
  4. Class B
    1. No risk in controlled animal studies
    2. Examples
      1. Amoxicillin
      2. Cephalosporin antibiotics
  5. Class C
    1. Small risk in controlled animal studies
    2. Examples
      1. Codeine
      2. Dicloxacillin
  6. Class D
    1. Strong evidence of risk to the human fetus
    2. Examples
      1. Coumadin
      2. Valium
  7. Class X (Never to be used in Pregnancy)
    1. Very high risk to the human fetus
    2. Examples
      1. Xanax
      2. Accutane
  8. Resources
    1. FDA Hotline regarding Teratogen Exposure information
      1. Phone: 1-800-532-3749
  9. References
    1. Briggs (1998) Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation, 5th ed
    2. Larimore (2000) Prim Care 27(1):35-53

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