Orthopoxvirus

Aka: Orthopoxvirus, Poxviridae, Poxvirus, Chordopoxvirinae, Molluscipoxvirus ( C0206598), Yatapoxvirus

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II. Pathophysiology

  1. Poxviridae (Poxvirus)
    1. Family of linear, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses
    2. Infect mammals, birds and Insects
  2. Poxviridae are the most complex of viruses
    1. Virus is contained in a box-like membrane
    2. Virus has a large genome (coding for 100s of Proteins) enclosed in a dumbbell-like structure
  3. Poxviridae replicate in the host cell cytoplasm with inclusion bodies
    1. Differs from other DNA Viruses, which replicate in the host cell nucleus
    2. Poxviridae carries most of its own enzymes for replication

III. Types: Poxviridae (Poxvirus)

  1. Sub-Family Entopoxvirinae (affects Insects)
  2. Sub_family Chordopoxvirinae (affects Vertebrates)
    1. Contains 8 genera, of which 3 are important to human disease
    2. Orthopoxvirus
      1. Smallpox (Variola virus)
      2. Monkeypox
      3. Cowpox (Vaccinia virus)
        1. Source of the original Smallpox Vaccine (Edward Jenner, 1796)
      4. VacciniaVirus
        1. Replaced Cowpox as the source of Smallpox Vaccine
        2. The term Vaccine is derived from Vaccinia
    3. Molluscipoxvirus
      1. Molluscum Contagiosum
    4. Yatapoxvirus
      1. Tanapox virus (TPV)
      2. Yaba Monkey Tumor Virus (YMTV)

IV. References

  1. Gladwin, Trattler and Mahan (2014) Clinical Microbiology, Medmaster, Fl, p. 290-1

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