Parathyroid

Hypoparathyroidism

search

Hypoparathyroidism

  • Causes
  1. Hereditary
    1. Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism
    2. DiGeorge Syndrome
    3. Pseudohypoparathyroidism (rare)
      1. Tissue-resistance to PTH
      2. Hypoparathyroidism despite increased PTH levels
  2. Acquired
    1. Thyroidectomy with operative Parathyroid removal (most common cause)
      1. Post-surgical monitoring includes Serum Calcium and PTH levels
    2. Radiation (rare)
    3. Hemochromatosis
  3. Autoimmune Syndrome
    1. Multiple endocrine deficiency syndrome
    2. Adrenal, Ovarian and Parathyroid failure
    3. Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
    4. Alopecia
    5. Vitiligo
    6. Pernicious Anemia
  • Symptoms and signs
  1. See Hypocalcemia
  • Labs
  1. See Hypocalcemia
  1. See Calcium Replacement
  2. General
    1. Adjust dosing to Serum Calcium
    2. Avoid Hypercalciuria (risk of Nephrolithiasis)
    3. Check for Hypomagnesemia and replace if low
  3. Preparations
    1. Calcium Citrate 950 mg 2 tabs orally three times daily
    2. Calcitriol (Vitamin D) 0.5 mcg/day
  • References
  1. Al-Azem (2012) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 26(4):517-22 [PubMed]
  2. Michels (2013) Am Fam Physician 88(4): 249-57 [PubMed]