Pharmacology Book

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Vitamin A

Aka: Vitamin A, Retinol, Retinoic Acid
  1. See also
    1. Vitamin A Deficiency
    2. Carotenoids (Beta Carotene)
  2. Physiology: Function
    1. Vision
      1. Forms CarotenoidProteins
    2. Epithelial Cell function
      1. Forms Glycoproteins
    3. Vitamin A stores
      1. Most of Vitamin A (90%) is stored in the liver and released as needed
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Vitamin A Deficiency
      1. Night blindness
      2. Dry Cornea
      3. Dry Skin
    2. Vitamin A Toxicity or Overdose
      1. Vomiting
      2. Headache
      3. Altered Mental Status
      4. Alopecia
      5. Peeling skin
  4. Preparations: Sources
    1. Animal products
      1. Liver (beef liver, cod liver oil)
      2. Chicken meat
      3. Egg yolk
      4. Fish oil
    2. Dairy products
      1. Whole milk
      2. Butter
      3. Margarine fortified with Vitamin A
    3. Dark green leafy vegetables
    4. Yellow-orange fruits and vegetables
      1. Apricot
      2. Cantaloupe
      3. Carrots
      4. Oranges
      5. Papayas
      6. Pumpkin
      7. Squash
Medication Costs
vitamin a (on 5/17/2017 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing)
VITAMIN A & D OINTMENT Generic OTC $0.04 per gram
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information.

Vitamin A (C0042839)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Vitamin A is an antioxidant. Antioxidants are substances that may protect your cells against the effects of free radicals. Free radicals are molecules produced when your body breaks down food, or by environmental exposures like tobacco smoke and radiation. Vitamin A also plays a role in your

  • Vision
  • Bone growth
  • Reproduction
  • Cell functions
  • Immune system

Vitamin A can come from plant or animal sources. Plant sources include colorful fruits and vegetables. Animal sources include liver and whole milk. Vitamin A is also added to foods like cereals.

Vegetarians, young children, and alcoholics may need extra Vitamin A. You might also need more if you have certain conditions, such as liver diseases, cystic fibrosis, and Crohn's disease. Check with your health care provider to see if you need to take vitamin A supplements.

NIH: National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements
Definition (MSH) Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.
Definition (PDQ) The fat soluble vitamin retinol. Vitamin A binds to and activates retinoid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis of some cancer cell types and inhibiting carcinogenesis. Vitamin A plays an essential role in many physiologic processes, including proper functioning of the retina, growth and differentiation of target tissues, proper functioning of the reproductive organs, and modulation of immune function. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39735&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39735&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C938" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Vitamin (T127) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D014801
SnomedCT 329237001, 270000007, 82622003, 82156005
LNC LP31687-4
English Vitamin A, Vitamin A product, Vitamin A USP, vitamin A (medication), retinol, VITAMIN A, Retinol, Vitamin A [Chemical/Ingredient], RETINOL, retinols, viatmin a, vitamin-a, vit a, a vitamin, vitamin A, retinol (vit A), Vitamin A product (product), Vitamin A preparation, Vitamin A (substance), Vitamin A preparation (product), Vitamin A preparation (substance), VIATMIN A
Swedish Vitamin A
Czech vitamin A
Finnish A-vitamiini
Russian VITAMIN A, RETINOL, ВИТАМИН A, РЕТИНОЛ
Japanese ビタミンA, ビタミンA1, 11-シス-レチノール, レチノール, 11-cis-レチノール
Spanish vitamina A (producto), preparado de vitamina A (producto), preparado de vitamina A, preparado de vitamina A (sustancia), vitamina A (sustancia), vitamina A, Vitamina A
Croatian Not Translated[Vitamin A]
Polish Retinol, Akseroftol, Witamina A
French Vitamine A, Rétinol
German Vitamin A
Italian Vitamina A
Portuguese Vitamina A
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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