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Heart Healthy Diet
Aka: Heart Healthy Diet
- See Also
- Mediterranean Diet
- DASH Diet
- Low Fat Diet
- Cardiac Risk Management
- Guidelines: Heart Healthy Diet (AHA Guidelines)
- General
- Aerobic Exercise for at least 30 minutes on most days should accompany dietary changes
- Smaller portions are assumed as integral to the diet
- Count calories to achieve weight loss
- Exercise caution in eating-out
- Increase Omega-3 Fatty Acid intake
- Eat fish twice weekly or Supplement with Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- Hu (2002) JAMA 287:1815-21 [PubMed]
- Omega-3-Fatty Acids as of 2021 do not appear to significantly lower cardiovascular risk
- (2021) Presc Lett 28(1): 1-2
- Nicholls (2020) JAMA 324(22):2268-80 [PubMed]
- Increase fruit and vegetable intake
- Four servings per day: Slight drop in CAD risk
- Eight servings per day: 20% drop in CAD risk
- Fruits and Vegetables with greatest risk reduction
- Green leafy vegetables
- Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower)
- Fruits and vegetables high in Vitamin C
- References
- Joshipura (2001) Ann Intern Med 134:1106-14 [PubMed]
- Other components to supplement
- Increase whole grains and high Dietary Fiber foods
- Consider Plant Stanols
- Limitations
- Limit saturated fat and trans-Fatty Acid intake (replace with olive oil, canola oil, nuts)
- Limit Alcohol intake (2 drinks per day for men, and 1 drink per day for women)
- Limit sugar intake
- Limit salt intake (<1.5 to 2 grams per day is optimal)
- However, Cochrane analysis demonstrates no benefit to Sodium restriction
- Adler (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev (12):CD009217 [PubMed]
- References
- Hu (2002) JAMA 288:2569-78 [PubMed]
- Leaf (1999) Circulation 99:733-5 [PubMed]
- Lichtenstein (2006) Circulation 114: 82-96 [PubMed]
- Olendzki (2006) Am Fam Physician 73:257-68 [PubMed]
- Willet (1995) Am J Clin Nutr 61:1402S [PubMed]