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Port-Wine Stain
Aka: Port-Wine Stain, Nevus Flammeus
- See Also
- Newborn Skin Exam
- Definition
- Persistent vascular Birthmark
- Epidemiology
- Incidence: 0.3% to 0.5% of newborns
- Pathophysiology
- Vascular malformation of mature ectatic capillaries
- Superficial Capillaries (seen in Salmon Patch)
- Deeper vessels of Dermis and subcutaneous tissue
- Signs
- Flat, unilateral Macules on face or extremities
- Present at birth and may deepen in color with time
- Varied coloration
- Pale pink to reddish-blue or purple vascular patch
- Differential Diagnosis
- Hemangioma
- Evaluation
- Lesion located near eye requires pediatric ophthalmology evaluation
- Sturge-Weber Syndrome (5-8%)
- Neonatal Glaucoma
- Lesion associated with extremity hypertrophy
- Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome
- Associated Conditions
- Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome
- Sturge-Weber Syndrome
- Neonatal Glaucoma (when ophthalmic branch of the Trigeminal Nerve is involved)
- Management
- Treatment is cosmetic only (to lighten lesions)
- Compression garment if on extremities
- Pulsed-dye laser therapy
- Optimally treated before age 1 year
- Protocol: Total of 5 sessions each spaced 2 weeks apart
- Tomson (2006) Br J Dermatol 154:676-9 [PubMed]
- Course
- Persist and may become more prominent over time (contrast with Hemangiomas which fade)
- References
- Nguyen (1998) Br J Dermatol 138:821-5 [PubMed]
- McLaughlin (2008) Am Fam Physician 77:56-60 [PubMed]